[Piloting a new journey] Poverty alleviation+Fuzhi+Fuzhi stimulate the endogenous motivation of the masses
Chongqing Yongchuan Disabled Persons’ Federation sent chickens and feed to disabled farmers in garden village, Hegeng Town, and Hexing Village, Wujian Town. (Profile picture) Correspondent Chen Keru photo
On November 2 nd, in the "Rural to Non-agricultural" personnel skill competition held in Liangjiang New District, Chongqing, the contestants who participated in the old-age care project competition were sorting out the bedding. Reporter Zhang Jinhui photo
Students from the night school of migrant workers at the construction site of the Second Bureau of China Construction in jiangbei mouth pay attention to the news related to the 19th National Congress during recess. Through the training of night school, they have become a new type of skilled and educated workers. Reporter Cui Lishe
Core tips
The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China puts forward that paying attention to poverty alleviation should be combined with supporting ambition and wisdom.
"Supporting ambition" means to "help" poor farmers to get rid of poverty on their own initiative and enhance their subjective initiative to get rid of poverty and increase income. "Supporting wisdom" means that the state cultivates new and knowledgeable farmers with scientific and technological quality, professional skills, management awareness and ability from vocational education, agricultural technology popularization and information circulation channel expansion, so as to open up the way to get rich and change the mode of agricultural development. How to combine poverty alleviation with supporting ambition and wisdom? In recent days, Chongqing Daily reporter interviewed the heads of relevant government departments, relevant districts and counties and poor people, and had a dialogue with them around this theme.
Helping the poor first helps the will, and helping the poor must help the wisdom, so that no one can fall behind.
"Supporting the ambition to be self-reliant, supporting the wisdom to be self-reliant, and the endogenous motivation to get rid of poverty will rush out." Hu Jianbo, director of the Human Resources Department of the Municipal Poverty Alleviation Office, said that one of the important reasons why some poor people are poor is that they have a certain spirit of "waiting, relying on and wanting". Therefore, in order for them to bid farewell to poverty completely, they must first stimulate their ambition and do a good job in supporting their ambitions. On the other hand, poverty is also related to its education level, cultural level and skill knowledge, so it is necessary to "help the mind" as well as "help the mind".
Accurate poverty alleviation and accurate poverty alleviation are to get the right medicine under the right pulse. In recent years, aiming at the needs of industrial development in poverty-stricken areas and the needs of poor people to transfer employment, Chongqing has implemented a series of measures in accordance with the ideas of "helping the poor first to help the wisdom", "teaching people to fish" and "training one person, getting a job and getting rid of poverty".
For example, Chongqing has continuously carried out public welfare training for poverty alleviation in poor villages, and trained medical and health personnel, kindergarten teachers, nursing home workers, neighborhood dispute mediators, and policy etiquette lecturers in poor villages. Through the training, the poor people’s medical treatment, children’s nursery, living habits, mental health, civilized behavior and cultural living environment have been improved, the spirit of self-reliance, hard struggle, self-improvement and positive progress of the poor people has been enhanced, and the soft power of precise poverty alleviation and precise poverty alleviation work has been enhanced.
Another example is to pay close attention to the characteristic industries in poor rural areas, focus on the demand of the job market, highlight the driving effect, and implement practical technical training in rural areas, labor transfer training and poverty alleviation and entrepreneurship training according to local conditions, which provides technical support for the development of industries in poor rural areas and the increase of income of poor people.
In recent years, Chongqing has completed 85,000 rural practical technical trainings, 27,000 job transfer trainings, 10,000 rich leaders trainings, 10,000 poverty alleviation public welfare trainings, and sponsored 188,000 children of poor families to study, which directly benefited 380,000 poor families in Chongqing, and 75,000 new poor people were transferred to employment, and 20,000 poor people were employed nearby.
Hu Jianbo said that although Chongqing’s poverty alleviation training and human resources development have always been at the forefront of the country, there is still much room for efforts in combination with the new requirements of poverty alleviation in the report of the 19th National Congress.
In the next step, Chongqing will conscientiously do all kinds of training, refine and quantify the training items, ensure the quality and quantity of all kinds of special training, and the funds shall not be used for other purposes.
At the same time, in view of the unfulfilled and inaccurate educational aid policies in some districts and counties, it is necessary to carefully clean up the student aid policies, and conduct special inspections when necessary to ensure that the college students who are studying in the file are enjoying the national student loan and the national poverty grant, and each person will be given a tuition subsidy of 8,000 yuan per year.
In addition, in combination with the implementation of the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Municipal Poverty Alleviation Office will organize five advanced models, namely, the poor people who are self-reliant to get rid of poverty, the owners who take the initiative to get rich by starting a business, the first secretary of poverty alleviation in the village, the helping cadres who help poor families in pairs, and the "two committees" cadres who lead the masses to work hard, to further encourage Chongqing to boost its spirit, inspire its fighting spirit, gather positive energy and create a strong atmosphere for tackling poverty.
The way and motivation to get rich when ambition is established will naturally be there.
"I will definitely get rid of poverty this year!" On November 1st, Qin Yuwen, a poor household, counted a stack of banknotes that he had just sold peppers at the pepper purchase point in Shanjiao Village, Yuchi Town, Shizhu, and happily said to the town that came to the household survey to help the cadres: "Thanks to the town’s organization to listen to me last year ‘ Report ’ Let my heart be strongly stimulated, or I may still be waiting for the government to provide relief! "
It turns out that in the work of getting rid of poverty, some poor households in Yuchi Town still have the idea of "waiting, relying, wanting, comparing and complaining", and they have insufficient motivation to take the initiative to get rid of poverty. Therefore, at the beginning of last year, the town held a special inspirational report meeting on poverty alleviation, and invited two special poverty-stricken households to tell their hard "entrepreneurial history" and "getting rich classics" on the stage, which inspired hundreds of poor households present to establish their determination to get rid of poverty and become rich.
One of the speakers, Tan Qishu, a poverty-stricken household, is a disabled person. At the age of 3, his lower limbs shrank due to polio. However, Tan Qishu was physically disabled and determined, and developed the pig industry without fear of hardships. He founded the "Sanshan Science and Technology Demonstration Farm" and became a "pig farmer". Another speaker, Li Xiuying, was a weak woman. When her husband was blind and lost his labor force, she relied on loans to develop the cattle and pig industries, so that the family could successfully get rid of the hat of poor households.
"In the past, I always felt that I was in poor health, unskilled, and poor, and I lost confidence in getting rid of poverty. Listening to the poverty alleviation reports of two speakers made me a healthy person very embarrassed. " Qin Yuwen said that shortly after returning home, he developed and planted 5 mu of peppers, which alone increased his income by more than 15,000 yuan a year.
Like Tan Qishu, Li Chuansheng, a poor household in tuanjie village, is also a disabled person. After attending the inspirational report meeting on poverty alleviation, under the guidance of the responsible person, he used the rural tourism development funds to set up a farmhouse, and now he has taken off his hat as a poor household, which has become a typical example of local poverty alleviation.
"Learn from others and be diligent and self-reliant." Qin Xiaohua, secretary of the Party Committee of Yuchi Town, told the Chongqing Daily reporter that helping the poor first helps the ambition, and getting rich first cures the heart. Over the past year or so, there have been fewer lazy people in this town, and more diligent people have gone to the rich road. So far, 75 poor households have applied for small loans of 3.75 million yuan to develop rural tourism and recreational breeding industry, with direct economic income reaching more than 2.8 million yuan. In 2017, 43 poor households in the town are expected to get rid of poverty smoothly.
"Winning the battle against poverty is not a day’s work." The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Poverty Alleviation Office told the Chongqing Daily reporter: "Once the ambition of poor households is established, once the concept is updated, the methods and enthusiasm for getting rich will naturally be there."
The person in charge said that in recent years, in order to cultivate the spirit and culture of self-reliance and poverty alleviation, Chongqing has completed 1,268 public welfare training programs for 9,869 people. Nowadays, the medical and health personnel, kindergarten teachers, nursing home workers, neighborhood dispute mediators and policy etiquette lecturers in poor villages have been trained to take up their posts, which not only inspires the poor people to establish the spirit of self-reliance, hard struggle and positive progress, but also enhances the soft power for Chongqing’s precise poverty alleviation and precise poverty alleviation work.
Funding for children from poor families to study breaks the intergenerational transmission of poverty.
It is clearly pointed out in the report of the 19th National Congress that efforts should be made to make every child enjoy a fair and quality education. The word "quality" is striking and important, and clearly points out a major focus of future education development.
For the children of poor families, education is also an important way to change their lives and an important weapon to cut off the intergenerational transmission of poverty. Therefore, subsidizing children from poor families to study is an important measure of "supporting wisdom" in Chongqing.
"If it weren’t for the education grant, I really don’t know whether I am working on campus or in other places now … …” On November 1st, Tan Jinxiang, from Baibu Village, zhuyuan town City, fengjie county, said with emotion.
The 17-year-old Tan Jinxiang was born in a poor family. His mother suffered from rheumatoid arthritis more than ten years ago, and his hands and feet were severely deformed, making it difficult to walk. His father also became a level 4 disability because of a car accident, so he could only do some small work near his home, and his life at home was extremely tight.
The children of the poor are in charge early. At 4 o’clock every morning, Tan Jinxiang will get up on time no matter whether it is sunny or rainy, and take on housework such as cooking, washing dishes and feeding pigs. In her spare time doing housework, she seized the time to read and study, supplement her knowledge, and was admitted to the university this year by her hard work.
However, the tuition, books and living expenses of a university for one year are 15,000 yuan, which is an astronomical figure for this family. Just when Tan Jinxiang was at a loss, the resident team and village cadres of Baibu Village in zhuyuan town came to her home.
"If such poor families do not lend a helping hand, their children will have no books to read, and poverty is likely to continue." Zhang Yuanan, secretary of the branch of Baibu Village, said. As a result, the village provided her with 2,000 yuan of educational reward and assistance fund and poverty alleviation student loans, which helped her realize her college dream.
More than 2/3 of the poverty-stricken households in Baibu Village are poor because of their studies. The village has innovatively established an education fund to reward and help the children of poor families in the village to attend high schools and universities. The source of funds is the village collective economy, special assistance from helping units, enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, caring people, successful people in the village and other social donations. At present, more than 120,000 yuan has been raised and 38,000 yuan has been awarded to help 18 children from poor families solve the tuition problem to some extent.
"Helping the poor first helps the wisdom, and treating the poor first cures the fool." Zhang Yuan ‘an said that once the Baibu Village Education Award and Assistance Fund is established, it will continue to be implemented and improved, and the education funding for poor students will continue to increase, and efforts will be made to prevent a poor student from dropping out of school because of poverty.
Rain and dew plan helps poor people earn 8,000 yuan a month.
In Chongqing, focusing on the demand of the job market and doing a good job in labor transfer training is an important starting point for "supporting wisdom", which has benefited many poor people in recent years.
Not long ago, Nanchuan District held a new phase of domestic nursing training, which attracted 109 women from local and even surrounding towns and villages, and the training course was even held.
"After attending the monthly training in the last period, I feel that I have learned a lot. I heard that I will teach housekeeping and old-age care knowledge in this period, and I will stay and continue to study and want to learn more." Tang Mingli, a poor household in the Second Society of Dashun Village, Shuijiang Town, told Chongqing Daily that the 49-year-old Tang Mingli had spent hundreds of thousands of yuan on medical expenses and owed a lot of debts because her son had leukemia. She had long wanted to go out and find a job and earn money to treat her son.
Just as the training class was held in the district, Tang Mingli signed up. "Now domestic workers and nursing staff for the aged are very ‘ Eat incense ’ The treatment and employment are good. " She said.
It is understood that Chongqing’s "Rain and Dew Plan" focuses on market demand and constantly adjusts the training majors and contents. Take the popular specialty of Lunar New Year and Home Economics as an example. In addition to the knowledge of maternal and newborn care, the knowledge of home cleaning and hygiene, kitchen cleaning and hygiene, rural home care practice, and the knowledge of old-age care, such as nursing common diseases of the elderly, measuring blood pressure, preparing liquid food, and basic knowledge of old-age caregivers, have been correspondingly increased, so that students can master more skills and survival skills. After the training, the district/county human resources and social security bureau will organize the examination, and issue a special professional ability certificate after passing the examination.
"Don’t underestimate this certificate. With it, you will find a job ‘ Hard currency ’ — — In the last issue, after someone in our class participated in the training, they found a job in the city with a monthly income of 8,000 yuan, and the life of the family was all settled. " Tang Mingli said, "The government has provided us with such good study and employment opportunities, so we have to study hard and master excellent skills to achieve ‘ One person employed the whole family to get rid of poverty ’ The purpose. "
The relevant person in charge of the Nanchuan District Poverty Alleviation Office said that they will aim at the new demand of the job market, pay close attention to the needs of poor people to transfer employment, pay close attention to the training of labor transfer employment, and at the same time fully explore new jobs suitable for poor people, and introduce preferential employment policies for incentive units to ensure the steady growth of labor income of the poor people, and ensure that the poor people have stable jobs and unemployed people can find new jobs.
Rural practical technical training enables poor households to gain a skill.
"Director Deng, thanks to your technical guidance, the 1,000 piglets I raised this year are about to be sold out, selling nearly 400,000 yuan." A few days ago, Zhang Yingliang, a villager from Liangshui Village, Qingxichang Town, Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, excitedly reported good news to Deng Yingchao, the stationmaster of the town animal husbandry station: "If there is a training activity in the county recently, I will be the first to sign up!"
Zhang Yingliang was originally a poor household in Liangshui Village. Because parents are seriously ill in hospital, two children are young, and the couple have no skills, Zhang Yingliang’s family is entangled in poverty all the year round. A few years ago, Zhang Yingliang and his wife went out to work in the factory, all of which were used for their parents’ treatment, and they still owed a lot of foreign debts. Zhang Yingliang told Chongqing Daily reporter: "After working outside for several years, I deeply realized that you have to have technology to do anything, and you can make big money with technology."
In 2013, Zhang Yingliang decided to return to his hometown to start a business. However, what kind of industry is good without funds and technology? To be on the safe side, the family decided to keep healthy pigs at home every year, and it didn’t need much breeding technology, so let’s try raising more pigs. Unexpectedly, in the first year, Zhang Yingliang borrowed money to buy two sows and more than 20 piglets all died.
Just when Zhang Yingliang was disheartened, the village cadres sent him good news: the county will come to the town to carry out practical technical training, so you should report to the pig training class at once! In the three consecutive training classes, Zhang Yingliang not only learned a lot about raising pigs, but also forged a helping pair with Deng Yingchao, the stationmaster of the town animal husbandry station. This time, he will raise fertile sows as his entrepreneurial direction.
With technology as a guarantee, Zhang Yingliang is confident enough. In 2014, he bought back three sows, and five sows at home successfully gave birth to 100 piglets that year and sold them for more than 30,000 yuan. After tasting the sweetness, Zhang Yingliang quickly built a simple pig farm to expand the scale of sows to 25.
However, the scale of farming has expanded, and problems have come one after another. In this way, Deng Yingchao became a frequent visitor to Zhang Yingliang’s home. On one occasion, a sow had dystocia, and Zhang Yingliang was so anxious that she stamped her feet and quickly called Deng Yingchao for help. After rushing to the scene, Deng Yingchao immediately taught Zhang Yingliang how to deliver the sow, and personally demonstrated how to make the piglets stuck in the birth canal give birth smoothly.
Learn from mistakes. In this way, Zhang Yingliang slowly mastered the breeding technology in repeated studies. In 2015, his 25 sows gave birth to 500 piglets, sold them for 200,000 yuan, and earned a net income of 80,000 yuan. Finally, he took off the hat of "poor households".
"In the second half of last year, I expanded the number of sows to 50 and faced some new technical problems. Therefore, there is no end to learning! " Looking back on his own business, Zhang Yingliang said with emotion, "In the future, I will attend training courses held by the government every year." In the next step, he has a bigger plan: "The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the strategy of rural revitalization, and we farmers will also have better opportunities. My five-year goal is to build a standardized pig farm and expand the scale of sows to 500! "
Like Zhang Yingliang, there are not a few poor households in Xiushan who have embarked on the road of poverty alleviation through practical technical training. According to Liu Yading, director of the Poverty Alleviation Training Center of the County Poverty Alleviation Office, around more than a dozen characteristic industries such as honeysuckle, camellia, pigs and goats, the county has adopted expert lectures, on-site training, technology contracting and "farm classroom" to implement practical technical training in rural areas according to the agricultural time module, so that farmers can actually learn the breeding technology. Last year, the county also conducted on-site training on farmers’ practical skills in 85 key poverty-stricken villages, with more than 4,000 trainees.
"Poverty alleviation must help the people understand ‘ We should not only work hard, but also work skillfully ’ The truth. Only when poor households master rural practical technology can they get rid of poverty as soon as possible on the road of developing industries. " The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Poverty Alleviation Office told Chongqing Daily that in recent years, according to Chongqing’s industrial development plan, combined with rural development and farmers’ knowledge structure, Chongqing has completed a total of 85,000 rural practical technical trainings, providing technical support for industrial development in poor rural areas and increasing the income of poor people. (Reporter Yan An, Tang Yanjuan)