Providing a solid guarantee of the rule of law for the construction of a powerful country and national rejuvenation —— Written on the occasion of the tenth National Constitution Day
December 4th this year is the 10th National Constitution Day in China.
On December 4, 1982, the current Constitution was adopted at the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People’s Congress. On November 1, 2014, the 11th meeting of the 12th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) adopted the Decision on Establishing a National Constitution Day, which designated December 4th as the National Constitution Day. Nowadays, with the activities of National Constitution Day as the carrier, the Constitution has increasingly entered the daily life and the people. The more the times develop and the society progresses, the more people feel the power and temperature of the constitution.
Adhere to the rule of law must first adhere to the constitution, adhere to the rule of law must first adhere to the constitution.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has attached great importance to comprehensively administering the country according to law, positioned, laid out and enforced the rule of law from the strategic height of the long-term stability of the party and the country, and planned and promoted the comprehensive administration of the country according to law in the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, so as to promote the historic achievements in the construction and implementation of China’s constitutional system and provide a solid guarantee for the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation.
Safeguarding the authority of the Constitution means safeguarding the authority of the common will of the Party and the people.
The national emblem hangs high and shines brightly.
On March 10th, 2023, at the Third Plenary Session of the First Session of the 14th National People’s Congress, nearly 3,000 NPC deputies witnessed this sacred moment — —
President, Chairman of the Central Military Commission, and Supreme Leader pressed the Constitution with his left hand, raised his fist with his right hand and solemnly swore. The powerful oath resounded through the Great Hall of the People.
In 2018, for the first time in the history of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the constitution of national leaders was sworn into history. Nowadays, it is normal for state functionaries to take a constitutional oath when they take office, and the steps of encouraging and educating state functionaries to be loyal to the Constitution, abide by the Constitution, safeguard the Constitution and govern the country in an all-round way according to law are more solid.
The elders who seek wood must consolidate their roots; Those who want to flow far away will dig their fountains.
Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, which puts forward new and higher requirements for our party to promote the rule of law in an all-round way, especially the rule of law and the rule of law.
On December 4, 2012, at the conference commemorating the 30th anniversary of the promulgation and implementation of the current Constitution in all walks of life in the capital, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered an important speech, pointing out: "Safeguarding the authority of the Constitution means safeguarding the authority of the common will of the party and the people. Defending the dignity of the constitution means defending the dignity of the common will of the party and the people. Ensuring the implementation of the constitution is to ensure the realization of the fundamental interests of the people. "
After a lapse of 10 years, in December, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader published a signed article "Writing a New Chapter in China’s Constitutional Practice in the New Era — — Commemorate the 40th anniversary of the promulgation and implementation of the current Constitution, comprehensively review the historical achievements made in the construction and implementation of China’s constitutional system, profoundly summarize the regular understanding of China’s constitutional system construction, and put forward clear requirements for the full implementation of the Constitution in the new era and new journey.
Establish the guiding position of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era in the country’s political and social life; Write "the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics" into the first article of the general program of the Constitution; The change from "improving the socialist legal system" to "improving the socialist rule of law" and from "control" to "governance" is of great significance … …
On March 11th, 2018, the "Amendment to the Constitution of People’s Republic of China (PRC)" was passed by a high vote, and the tide of applause rang in the Great Hall of the People for a long time. Comply with the requirements of the times and the wishes of the people, stand in a new historical position, and write the new great achievements and valuable experiences created by the Party and the people into the solemn constitution in time, so as to provide a solid constitutional guarantee for upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics and realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in the new era.
The constitution is the general charter of governing the country and safeguarding the country. The party leads the people to formulate and improve the constitution, which is to play an important role in governing the country.
Deepen the reform of supervision system on the track of rule of law — — In 2018, soon after the adoption of the constitutional amendment, a brand-new anti-corruption agency was established with the unveiling of the red silk on the bronze plaque of "the National Supervisory Commission (NSC) of the People’s Republic of China".
Civil rights protection opens a new era — — Turning to the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC), it was clearly stated at the beginning that "this Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution". As the first law named after "Code" since the founding of New China, this "encyclopedia of social life" actively implements the provisions of the Constitution in the protection of civil rights and provides more comprehensive protection for civil rights.
The rule of law in the practice of "one country, two systems" is more powerful — — In the face of the turbulent changes in the situation in Hong Kong, the overall governance of the Special Administrative Region has been effectively implemented in accordance with the Constitution and the Basic Law, and the law on safeguarding national security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region has been formulated and implemented, and the principle of "patriots ruling Hong Kong" has been implemented. The situation in Hong Kong has achieved a major turning point from chaos to governance.
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Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, the Communist Party of China, made a comprehensive plan for the development of the cause of the Party and the state in the new era and journey, and put forward that "the Constitution should play an important role in governing the country" and "the rule of law should play a better role in safeguarding the fundamentals, stabilizing expectations and benefiting the long-term, and building a socialist modern country in an all-round way on the track of the rule of law".
The people are only the country, and the country is better.
Hongqiao Street, Changning District, Shanghai is one of the first contact points for grass-roots legislation set up by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Committee, and it is a national legislative "through train" for ordinary people to express their social conditions and public opinions at their doorsteps.
Xia Yunlong, a local resident who is over 80 years old, recalled that when he asked for opinions on the National Anthem Law a few years ago, he put forward suggestions on singing the national anthem at the seminar. The relevant suggestions were finally adopted by legislation. Article 5 of the National Anthem Law stipulates: "The state advocates citizens and organizations to play the national anthem on appropriate occasions to express patriotic feelings."
The most fundamental purpose of the party leading the people in formulating and implementing the Constitution is to safeguard the people’s interests, reflect their wishes, safeguard their rights and interests and enhance their well-being.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have adhered to the organic unity of the Party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law, developed people’s democracy in the whole process, put the people-centered development idea into every link of legislation, law enforcement, judicature and law-abiding, accelerated the improvement of the legal system that embodies fairness in rights, opportunities and rules, ensured that citizens’ personal rights, property rights, personality rights and basic political rights were not infringed, and ensured that citizens’ economic, cultural and social rights were implemented.
The life of the constitution lies in its implementation, and the authority of the constitution lies in its implementation.
"Legislation should conform to the provisions, principles and spirit of the Constitution, and safeguard the unity, dignity and authority of the socialist legal system in accordance with the statutory authority and procedures, proceeding from the overall interests of the country." On March 13th, 2023, a meeting of the 14th National People’s Congress passed a decision on amending the Legislative Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).
The legislative law is called "the law governing law". The constitution makes basic provisions on the legislative system and legislative authority, and the legislative law makes systematic provisions on the legislative system, authority, procedure and legislative supervision system based on the constitution, which is an important embodiment of implementing the relevant provisions of the constitution through laws. One of the highlights of this revision of the legislative law is to strengthen the implementation and supervision of the constitution from the system design.
"Strengthening the implementation and supervision of the Constitution is an important way to implement the principle of legislating according to the Constitution and according to law, safeguarding the unity of the socialist legal system and the authority of the Constitution with the highest legal effect, which is conducive to improving the quality of legislation and ensuring good laws and good governance." Mo jihong, director of the Institute of Law of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said.
The life of the constitution lies in its implementation, and the authority of the constitution lies in its implementation.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has placed the full implementation of the Constitution in a prominent position in comprehensively administering the country according to law, promoted the innovation of constitutional theory and practice, deepened the regular understanding of the construction of China’s constitutional system, adopted a series of effective measures to strengthen the implementation and supervision of the Constitution, and made important achievements and progress.
Improve the legal system and mechanism related to the Constitution to better ensure the implementation of the Constitution — —
Amend the Organic Law of the National People’s Congress, the Rules of Procedure of the National People’s Congress, the Local Organic Law, the Rules of Procedure of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), the Organic Law of the People’s Court and the Organic Law of the People’s Procuratorate, formulate the Law on Supervision, the Law on the Protection of Heroes and Martyrs, the Law on Patriotism Education, and amend the National Flag Law and the National Emblem Law to promote the implementation of the relevant provisions of the National Anthem Law … … Implement the constitutional requirements and promote the legal system closely related to the implementation of the constitution to keep pace with the times.
Carry out work directly related to the implementation of the constitution according to law and vigorously carry forward the spirit of the constitution — —
In 2019 and 2020, according to the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the implementation of the constitutional provisions, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) made two decisions on awarding national medals and national honorary titles, giving full play to the spiritual leading and typical exemplary role of the party and the state in commending meritorious deeds, and promoting the whole society to form a good atmosphere of seeing Si Qi, advocating heroes and striving to be pioneers.
Promoting good governance with good laws and developing and perfecting the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics with the Constitution as the core — —
Formulate civil code, foreign investment law, national security law and other laws, amend national defense law, environmental protection law and other laws, and strengthen legislation in key areas, emerging areas and foreign-related areas … … In recent years, we have persisted in legislating according to the Constitution, and resolutely put the constitutional provisions, principles and spirit into legislation and embodied them in various laws and regulations. Up to now, there are 299 effective laws and 602 administrative regulations in China.
It is not difficult to legislate, but it is difficult to enforce the law.
To improve the constitutional supervision system, we must actively and steadily promote the constitutional review, strengthen the filing review system and capacity building, revoke and correct the unconstitutional and illegal normative documents according to law, and safeguard the constitutional authority.
In the process of reviewing the draft law on the protection of heroic martyrs, according to the spirit of the preamble of the constitution and the inscription on the monument to the people’s heroes, the scope of heroic martyrs was clarified;
In the process of deliberating the draft decision on setting up a financial court in Shanghai, referring to the practice of setting up other special courts, put forward deliberation opinions in line with the spirit of the Constitution;
To study and analyze whether the legal amendment authority and procedure of the draft amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law conform to the constitutional provisions, and put forward deliberation opinions and treatment methods that conform to the spirit of the Constitution;
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Through the constitutional review of every draft law and draft decision resolution submitted for deliberation, it is effectively ensured that every law, every system and every provision conforms to the constitutional provisions, principles and spirit. Nowadays, in the process of legislation, amendment, interpretation and decision-making, the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee have taken a series of measures to carry out constitutional review, and promoted the explicit, standardized and normalized constitutional review.
What should I do if the local punishment standard is too low for privately demolishing the load-bearing wall? Do owners who have not actually moved in after delivery need to pay property fees? Who owns the water supply and power supply facilities in the community? … … Not long ago, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Committee announced a case of filing and examination, which examined and corrected many problems such as "penalty standard for privately demolishing load-bearing walls" in local property management regulations.
In recent years, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Commission has focused on employment, travel, medical care and other areas of people’s livelihood, and has continuously stepped up the filing and examination, examining and handling a number of "problem" laws and regulations and judicial interpretations that have been reflected by the people, affected their vital interests and directly related to citizens’ rights and obligations, and safeguarded the legitimate rights and interests of citizens and the unity of the rule of law in the country.
It is an important function entrusted to the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee by the constitutional law to carry out record review of normative documents such as administrative regulations, local regulations and judicial interpretations. After continuous efforts and strong promotion, the filing and review work has been solidly promoted, the review intensity has been continuously increased, and the review methods have been continuously enriched, which has enhanced the rigidity of error correction and effectively ensured the accurate and comprehensive implementation of the Constitution.
The foundation of the constitution lies in the heartfelt support of the people, and the power of the constitution lies in the sincere belief of the people.
"It is necessary to publicize and establish constitutional authority as a major issue to comprehensively promote the rule of law.".
The new situation and new tasks urgently require strengthening constitutional publicity and education, promoting the normalization and long-term effectiveness of constitutional publicity and education, making the constitutional spirit deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and cohesive with the constitutional spirit.
Visit the Constitution Publicity and Education Exhibition, give lectures on the theme of the Constitution, and hold the oath ceremony of the Constitution … … Nanjing Constitution Park in Jiangsu Province shows the glorious course of the Communist Party of China (CPC) leading the people to formulate and implement the Constitution. Since its opening up, it has become a popular venue for cadres and the masses to carry out constitutional publicity and education and organize activities to respect and respect the Constitution.
"We will implement the relevant provisions of the detailed constitutional publicity and education, carefully plan various constitutional publicity and education activities for different groups, and effectively make the Constitutional Park an important carrier of constitutional publicity, an important position for constitutional education, and a fixed place for constitutional oath, and promote compliance with the Constitution. Respecting the Constitution has become people’s conscious action." The responsible comrades of the Nanjing Municipal People’s Congress Standing Committee said.
Know the law in your heart and obey the law in your actions.
Carrying out constitutional publicity and education is an important basic work for the full implementation of the Constitution. Since 1986, every five-year law popularization plan has taken studying and publicizing the Constitution as an important task of law popularization.
The publicity and education of the Constitution should grasp the "key minority" of leading cadres — —
The constitution is included in the study content of the theoretical study center group of the party Committee (party group), and it is listed as a compulsory course for party schools (administrative colleges), cadre colleges and socialist colleges; Taking leading cadres to take the lead in studying the Constitution and exemplary compliance with the Constitution as the top priority for the whole society to establish constitutional awareness, and making efforts to promote the in-depth publicity and education of leading cadres’ constitutional study from the aspects of perfecting the central organization study method of party committees (party groups), rule of law training, and decision-making system according to law; Fully implement the constitutional oath system, promote state organs to organize state staff to carry out constitutional oath activities, and enhance the consciousness and firmness of abiding by constitutional principles and fulfilling constitutional missions … … All localities and departments have strengthened the constitutional education of leading cadres and state functionaries, effectively promoting the constitutional awareness and the concept of the rule of law of state functionaries to be significantly enhanced.
Teenagers are the future of the motherland and the new force in the construction of socialist rule of law — —
Incorporate constitutional education into the national education system and generally set up constitutional knowledge courses in primary and secondary schools; Organized and carried out a series of activities of "learning the Constitution and stressing the Constitution" for 8 consecutive national students. Since the beginning of this year, more than 7.2 billion people have participated in the online study of the Constitution, and 157 million "constitutional guardians" have been produced after completing the study, practice and comprehensive evaluation. Adhere to the annual National Constitution Day to organize the "Constitution Morning Reading" for primary and secondary schools nationwide, and more than 80 million teachers and students from nearly 300,000 schools will participate in the main venue through the network connection … … By carrying out constitutional publicity and education activities suitable for the physical and mental characteristics of young students, all relevant departments create a sense of ritual in studying and respecting the Constitution, and guide young people to establish constitutional legal awareness and develop the habit of respecting and abiding by the law from an early age.
The foundation of the constitution lies in the heartfelt support of the people, and the strength of the constitution lies in the sincere belief of the people.
The "May 4th Constitution" historical materials exhibition hall, located on the Xizi Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, has attracted millions of visitors to listen to the constitutional story and feel the spirit of the constitution since its opening in 2016.
Entering the Constitution Education Museum in Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, the huge and bright red shape of the constitution book came into view, and local activities such as citizen’s rule of law education, national staff’s pre-service constitutional knowledge examination and constitutional oath were carried out here.
At the Constitution Publicity and Education Base in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, a piece of precious historical materials of constitution propaganda tells the development of China’s constitution, attracting people to stop and watch.
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In recent years, various localities have strengthened the construction of constitutional propaganda positions, established venues for constitutional publicity and education, organized various constitutional publicity and education activities, integrated constitutional publicity and education into people’s daily work, study and life, and promoted the normalization and long-term effectiveness of constitutional publicity and education.
Internalized in the heart can be externalized in the line.
With the extensive publicity and education of respecting the Constitution, studying the Constitution, observing the Constitution, maintaining the Constitution and using the Constitution, the people’s constitutional awareness has been continuously enhanced, and the socialist spirit of rule of law has been fully demonstrated.
In order to carry out in-depth publicity and education on the Constitution, the General Office of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), together with relevant departments, held a symposium on National Constitution Day in recent years to popularize constitutional knowledge, enhance constitutional awareness, carry forward the spirit of the Constitution and promote its implementation.
The formulation, development and implementation of China’s constitution have a series of wonderful and moving stories. In recent years, by telling the story of China’s constitution well, all localities and departments have made the whole society fully understand the historic changes and great progress brought by the constitution to the country’s appearance and people’s lives, made the spirit of the constitution alive, and promoted the implementation of the constitution to become the conscious action of all people.
One constitutional story is well known by people, which makes the spirit of the constitution deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and forms a good atmosphere of respecting the law and abiding by the law in the whole society.
"To govern the country in an all-round way according to law, we must always take the Constitution as the fundamental basis." The relevant person in charge of the Constitution and Law Committee of the National People’s Congress said that in the new journey of promoting the construction of China ruled by law, we should always adhere to the position of the Constitution as the fundamental law of the country, persist in governing the country according to the Constitution, firmly consolidate the foundation of the construction of the rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and provide constitutional guarantee for comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.