CCTV News:According to a survey, among the top ten causes of death in Chinese in 2017, ischemic heart disease ranked second. Ischemic heart disease is what we usually call coronary heart disease. The most terrible thing about coronary heart disease is that more than half of patients with coronary heart disease in China don’t know that they are sick. Does coronary heart disease have some physical signs? What are the misunderstandings in diet and treatment?

Do you have coronary heart disease if you have these signs?

Dr. Yang Jingang, deputy chief physician of Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences and head of the Health Education Group of Cardiovascular Branch of Beijing Medical Association, said that there is a correlation between ear folds and coronary heart disease, but it is not equal to causality, and it cannot be used as a standard for diagnosing coronary heart disease. Cyanosis of lips is a serious coronary heart disease, serious heart failure and serious pulmonary heart disease. Studies have found that the hairline receding is also related to coronary heart disease. Bald people also have some manifestations of coronary heart disease.

All these signs are obviously related to age, and coronary heart disease is also obviously related to age. The overall reason is that age increases, but we can’t diagnose coronary heart disease according to these.

Can people with coronary heart disease not drink cold drinks definitely induce myocardial infarction?

Xu Shunlin, chief physician of the Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, said that heart patients can induce coronary heart disease when the ambient temperature suddenly changes, but it is too exaggerated to say that drinking cold drinks can induce myocardial infarction.

Can drinking vinegar soften blood vessels?

Dr. Yang Jingang explained that drinking more vinegar will hurt the stomach and has nothing to do with softening blood vessels.

Do you have to be a stent when you get coronary heart disease?

Dr. Xu Shunlin said that with coronary heart disease, stents can be placed to prevent blockage; If the blood vessel is unblocked, it can be blocked to 70%; But when it’s time to save lives, you have to let go of what you should.

# Editor’s Note: The economic structure of Pacific island countries is single and fragile, their development is heavily dependent on external forces, their self-development ability is insufficient, and their internal differentiation is wide. With the accumulation of investment, the development of major projects and the improvement of infrastructure, the development potential of Pacific island countries is gradually being released, and the overall economic operation is improving. However, due to its own characteristics, its shortcomings and risks are still outstanding, and it is necessary to make precise policies, make overall plans and formulate systematic and comprehensive solutions.

Wen | Zhou Yuyi, Yang Yang, Hu Zhenyu China (Shenzhen) Institute of Sustainable Development and Marine Economy.

I. Regional characteristics of Pacific island countries and their economic characteristics under their influence

(A) their own development capacity is insufficient

Pacific island countries have a total land area of about 520,000 square kilometers, a total population of about 11.068 million, and an economic aggregate of about 34.83 billion US dollars (2018). Among them, Papua New Guinea, as the island country with the largest land area and population, has a land area of about 453,000 square kilometers, a total population of about 8.606 million and an economic aggregate of about 24.45 billion US dollars, accounting for 87.6%, 77.8% and 70.2% of the total number of Pacific island countries respectively. The remaining 13 island countries have a total land area of less than 70,000 square kilometers, a total population of about 2.462 million and an economic aggregate of only 103. Nauru and Tuvalu, which have the smallest land areas, have land areas of 21 square kilometers and 26 square kilometers respectively, and their population size is only about 13,000. Niue, the island country with the least population, with a total population of more than 1,600, is a typical small country with few people.

Table 1-1 Overview of Pacific Island Countries in 2018

Source: World Bank statistics in 2018 and https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/wfnext/region _ aus.html.

Due to the small and scattered land space, far from the world economic and social activity center, and the constraints of capital, talents, technology and engineering capabilities, the infrastructure level of transportation, energy, information and other Pacific island countries is low, the industrial base is weak, the self-development ability is seriously insufficient, and the social and economic development is generally lagging behind. For example, in terms of energy, the power supply in the Pacific island countries is seriously insufficient and the cost of electricity consumption is high. Among the total population of more than 11 million, there are more than 7 million people without electricity. Most island countries have not achieved full coverage of the power grid, and the electricity consumption gap is large. Among them, Papua New Guinea, as an island country with the largest land area and population, has the worst power supply capacity. The national power grid coverage rate is only 15%, and about 6.3 million people live in power-free areas. The electricity supply rates in Vanuatu and Solomon Islands are only 30% and 20%.

From the perspective of economic development, Pacific island countries are typical resource-dependent economies, and industrial development is mainly determined by resource endowments such as agriculture, fisheries, minerals and tourism. Therefore, most island countries are limited by land space and mineral resources, and the proportion of primary and tertiary industries is relatively high. The development of secondary industry is generally lagging behind, and mining and a small amount of light industry are the mainstay (light industry mainly processes fish products, wood, coconut and sucrose), and most other industrial products rely on imports. Countries such as Kiribati, Solomon Islands and Micronesia (Federated States of) still take fishery and agriculture as their pillar industries. Among them, Kiribati’s fishery accounts for 71.7% of national income (2018); Fiji, Palau, Samoa, Vanuatu, Cook Islands and other countries have relatively developed tourism, and the proportion of tertiary industry is obviously high; The relatively prominent secondary industry is mainly Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Fiji and other countries with relatively large land area and rich mineral resources. Nauru has a small land area, but it once dominated the national economy due to the enrichment of phosphate minerals, and now it is almost exhausted. In addition, wood processing in Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands, sugar industry in Fiji, fish products processing, soap making and coconut oil processing in Micronesia, and food, tobacco, beer and soft drinks processing in Samoa also have a certain foundation.

Table 1-2 Comparison of Three Industrial Structures and Key Industries of Major Pacific Island Countries

Source: Guide to Foreign Investment Cooperation Countries (Regions) (2019), and the data of Fiji’s tertiary industrial structure are in 2017.

(B) the living and development environment under tight constraints

Pacific island countries live deep in the ocean, mostly in the earthquake-active zone around the Pacific Ocean, with small territory and low altitude. They have been threatened by natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes and tsunamis for a long time, and they are also facing the enormous survival pressure of global warming and rising sea levels.

First, the Pacific island countries are located at the junction of the Pacific plate, the Eurasian plate, the Indian Ocean plate, the American plate and the Antarctic plate, and most of them are located in the volcanic seismic belt around the Pacific Ocean. They have frequent geological activities all year round and are facing natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis.

Second, the Pacific island countries are also one of the regions with the most frequent typhoon activities, and the typhoon transit has caused great losses to the island countries. For example, Typhoon Aita in April 2014 directly affected more than 12,000 people in Papua New Guinea. In March 2015, tropical storm Pam hit Vanuatu hard, and 90% of houses in the capital Port Vila were damaged by the storm. In 2018, there were 126 recorded typhoons/hurricanes/tropical storms in the world (110 were named and 16 were unnamed), including 53 in the northwest Pacific, 27 in the northeast Pacific and 8 in the south Pacific, accounting for 69.8% of the total.

Third, the Pacific island countries are mostly composed of small islands, with a low average altitude, and most of the population is concentrated in coastal areas, which is very seriously affected by climate change. Tuvalu, for example, is composed of seven ring-shaped coral reefs and two coral islands distributed on the sea surface of 800 square kilometers, with a land area of only 26 square kilometers and a maximum altitude of only 5 meters. According to the sea level rise rate from 1993 to 2012, 60% of its land will sink into the sea by 2062. In 2011, Tuvalu warned that if it did not slow down the global warming, the country would face extinction. Other countries such as Nauru, Kiribati, Vanuatu and other island countries are also facing similar problems.

(C) internal development differentiation disparity

The Pacific island region consists of more than 10,000 islands, which are distributed on the Pacific Ocean surface of about 30 million square kilometers and belong to Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. Due to the large number of islands, scattered distribution, and great differences in resource conditions and political, economic and cultural backgrounds, there is a huge disparity in development between different archipelagos and between different island countries.

Melanesian Islands mainly include Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Fiji, Vanuatu, etc. Most of them are continental islands, with relatively large land area, large population, and relatively rich land mineral resources, which have good conditions for developing metal and agricultural processing industries. Therefore, the economic scale is relatively large. The GDP of Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu in Melanesia accounts for 92% of the total economic output of Pacific island countries. Micronesia Islands means "small island islands", which mainly includes Palau, Micronesia (Federated States of), Marshall Islands, Kiribati and Nauru. They are mostly composed of a series of atolls and scattered islands, with the smallest population and economic aggregate among the three archipelagos. However, due to the large number and wide distribution of islands, the exclusive economic zone is the largest, totaling 9.34 million square kilometers, accounting for 49% of the entire Pacific island countries. Polynesian islands mainly include Cook Islands, Samoa, Tuvalu, Niue and Tonga, and are dominated by volcanic islands and coral reefs, with smaller land area, population size and economic scale, but higher than Micronesia. From the main indicators, the socio-economic development level of Pacific island countries is closely related to population size and industrial characteristics, and the internal differences are very significant. For example, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, located in Melanesia Islands, are in the forefront in population scale and economic scale, but the per capita GDP and the proportion of urban population are low. Among them, the proportion of urban population in Papua New Guinea is only 15%, that is, 85% people live in rural areas.Engaged in low-level agricultural activities, therefore, the per capita GDP is only about 3,000 US dollars. The proportion of urban population in Solomon Islands and Vanuatu is below 30%, and the per capita GDP is only $2,200 and $3,254 respectively. Fiji has a total population of 926,000, second only to Papua New Guinea. However, due to relatively good infrastructure conditions and developed tourism, the per capita GDP is US$ 5,870. At present, Fiji has become an important tourist center in the Pacific region, receiving more than 800,000 international tourists annually, accounting for about 50% of the total international tourists received by Pacific island countries, and its tourism revenue is equivalent to 20% of GDP. On the contrary, Cook Islands and Palau have a small population, a small burden of economic development, and rapid growth. The per capita GDP has exceeded 10,000 US dollars, and the proportion of urban population has reached a very high level. However, Samoa, Kiribati, Micronesia (Federated States of), Marshall Islands, Tonga and other countries have relatively large population, low industrial structure and relatively low per capita GDP.

Table 1-3 Comparison of Per Capita GDP and Urban Population Proportion of Pacific Island Countries in 2018

Source: World Bank, websites of China embassies in various countries, http://zh.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gdp and other public information.

(D) Independent development has a long way to go.

After the era of great navigation, the Pacific islands were gradually incorporated into the western colonial system. After World War II, it gradually became independent. After World War II, the Pacific island countries became more and more independent, and Western Samoa, Nauru and Fiji became independent successively. With Palau’s independence on October 1, 1994, the United Nations Trusteeship Council also ended its mission. Although many Pacific United Nations Trust Territories have achieved nominal independence, due to their own conditions and historical reasons, the Pacific island countries are weak in self-development, which has been difficult for quite some time after independence. The common problems such as lack of government governance capacity, insufficient national cohesion, insufficient education of residents, and shortage of technical talents are prominent. In addition, they are far from the world market and have a single economic structure, which makes it difficult for Pacific island countries to form a benign self-growth mechanism, and they are still highly dependent on external forces today. For example, in 2017, Micronesia received $167 million in official development assistance, accounting for 48% of its GDP that year; Tonga receives various kinds of material assistance, project assistance and financial support every year, amounting to about 60 million to 70 million US dollars, accounting for about 15% of its GDP. Vanuatu receives about 17% of GDP from foreign aid every year. In 2017, Samoa received a total of $65.52 million in foreign aid, accounting for about 8% of its GDP.

At present, the major donors of Pacific island countries include Australia, China, New Zealand, the United States, Japan, the European Union and other international and regional organizations such as the Asian Development Bank, the World Bank, the Global Fund and the United Nations Development Programme. The main areas of assistance are agriculture, climate change and disaster reduction, education, medical and health care, and government capacity building. In the past decade, the total amount of assistance received by Pacific island countries from major countries (institutions) reached 13.3 billion US dollars, and it showed an increasing trend year by year.

Table 1-4 Assistance of Major Countries (Institutions) to Pacific Island Countries in 2011-2017

Source: Lowy Institute for International Policy, an Australian think tank.

Second, the current economic situation and development opportunities of Pacific island countries

(1) Economic situation

1. The ability to resist risks is low and fluctuates greatly with internal and external factors.

Pacific island countries have small economies, single structure and poor anti-interference ability, which are significantly affected by natural disasters, external situations and even single projects, and their economic development fluctuates greatly. Judging from the impact of natural disasters, in recent years, the number and intensity of tropical cyclones in the Pacific region have increased sharply, and strong earthquakes have occurred frequently, which has caused huge economic losses to Pacific island countries, especially several "big countries" in Melanesia, and directly led to economic fluctuations in the whole region. For example, in 2015, Hurricane Pam hit Vanuatu, and 90% of the houses in the capital Port Vila were damaged by the storm, resulting in losses accounting for 64% of its GDP, and the economic growth rate dropped from 2.3% in the previous year to 0.2%; In 2016, Hurricane Winston, the worst hurricane in the history of the Pacific Ocean, swept through Fiji, causing 130,000 people to be displaced, directly causing Fiji’s economic growth rate to drop from 3.8% in the previous year to 0.7% in that year; In 2018, a magnitude 7.5 earthquake occurred in Papua New Guinea, which caused great damage to the production facilities of major resource projects such as oil and gas industry (accounting for 20.2% of GDP) and gold, and had a strong impact on economic growth. Although post-disaster reconstruction and related activities of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) reduced its impact on the economy to a certain extent, the growth rate dropped to 0.2%; Tonga, located in Polynesia, suffered severe damage to crops, public infrastructure and buildings due to Hurricane Gita, and its economic growth rate in 2018 was only 0.4%.

From the perspective of the external situation, the economic characteristics of the Pacific island countries’ tourism market and export market, which depend heavily on the assistance of foreign forces, make their economies extremely sensitive to the external situation and fluctuate significantly with emergencies. For example, in 2017, Palau Pacific Airlines was forced to suspend all flights to and from Chinese mainland due to the sharp drop in Chinese mainland tourists, which accounted for nearly 50% of the inbound tourists, resulting in a sharp drop in the total number of inbound tourists and a heavy blow to the tourism industry. At the same time, tourism projects from Chinese mainland stopped working, which led to a serious decline in Palau’s economy, and the growth rate in that year dropped to-3.7%; In 2018, due to the continuous weak phosphate export and Australia’s reduction of funding for Nauru Offshore Refugee Center, Nauru’s economy shrank significantly, and its growth rate dropped from 4% in the previous year to -2.4%. In 2019, it continued to maintain negative growth and its growth rate narrowed to -0.5%.

Table 2-1 Economic Growth of Pacific Island Countries (2015-2019 [1])

Source: Asian Development Bank, Pacific Economic Monitor https://www.adb.org/publications/series/Pacific-economic-monitor.

2. The industrial structure is adjusted quickly, and the tertiary industry has sufficient power.

Restricted by geographical conditions and multiple factors such as transportation, resources, capital and technology, the industrial base of Pacific island countries is weak, and the three industrial structures are characterized by "big at both ends and small in the middle", that is, the scale of agriculture and service industry is relatively large, and the manufacturing industry is seriously underdeveloped. Limited by the land and technical conditions, it is difficult to make a big breakthrough in the growth space of agriculture. Therefore, the tertiary industry with tourism as the core has become the main driving force for industrial restructuring and social and economic development in Pacific island countries in recent years.

Judging from the contribution of three industries to GDP growth in recent years, the economic growth of Melanesia four countries mainly benefited from the rapid growth of service industry. For example, in 2018, Papua New Guinea was affected by a strong earthquake, and the oil, gas and mining industries were greatly impacted, which directly led to the secondary industry pulling down GDP by about 1 percentage point. However, thanks to the stimulation of the APEC summit, the tertiary industry pulled up GDP by about 1.1 percentage point, which finally made the economy maintain a positive growth of 0.2 percentage point throughout the year. From 2010 to 2018, the number of tourists in Fiji increased at an average annual rate of 5.5%. At present, tourism revenue has accounted for 1/5 of GDP, which plays an important role in its economic growth. In 2018, Fiji’s annual economic growth was 3 percentage points, of which the tertiary industry contributed 2.4 percentage points and the contribution rate reached 80%; In the same year, Vanuatu’s economy grew by 3.2 percentage points, and the tertiary industry contributed 2.7 percentage points, with a contribution rate of 84%.

Table 2-2 The Pulling of Three Industries to GDP in Melanesia (2018-2019)

Source: Asian Development Bank, Pacific Economic Monitor https://www.adb.org/publications/series/Pacific-economic-monitor.

In addition, the economic growth of island countries such as Cook Islands and Samoa in Polynesia is increasingly dependent on tourism. For example, from 2012 to 2018, the tourism revenue of Cook Islands accounted for an average of 49.6% of GDP; Samoa’s tourism revenue accounted for an average of 18.1% of GDP, rising to 20.6% in 2018, setting a new record.

3. The inflation rate is low and the overall impact is small.

Because there are many Pacific island countries, which are far apart, economically independent and relatively weak, there are significant differences in inflation among countries. But overall, the prices of Pacific island countries have remained stable in recent years. Despite frequent natural disasters and economic contraction, there has been no serious inflation or deflation, which has not had a serious negative impact on people’s livelihood.

In 2018, among the 13 island countries with statistics, the inflation rates of 7 island countries were all below 3%, among which the inflation rates of Cook Islands, Marshall Islands and Micronesia (Federated States of) were below 1%. The countries with relatively high inflation rates are Tonga, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Nauru and Samoa. Affected by Hurricane Gita, Tonga’s food prices rose significantly, leading to an inflation rate of 5.3%. Papua New Guinea was mainly affected by the strong earthquake and APEC summit, and the prices of goods and services generally rose. Among them, the price of medical care rose by 9.0%, the price of clothing and shoes rose by 8.3%, and the price of hotels and restaurants rose by 8.2% [2]. However, due to the increase of foreign exchange reserves and the shrinking of money supply, the inflation rate was only 4.5%, compared with the inflation rate of 6.7% caused by El Niñ o in 2016. Fiji is mainly due to the higher tariffs on tobacco and alcohol and the decline in the output of kava wine, which has led to a significant increase in beverages and tobacco, pushing the inflation rate to 4.1%; Nauru’s inflation rate has dropped from 9.8% in 2015 to 3.8% due to economic contraction and low global commodity prices (especially oil prices); In Samoa, the inflation rate rose to 3.7% mainly due to the sharp rise in the prices of domestic and imported commodities such as food and non-alcoholic beverages.

Table 2-3 Inflation in Pacific Island Countries (2018-2019)

Source: Asian Development Bank, Pacific Economic Monitor https://www.adb.org/publications/series/Pacific-economic-monitor.

4. The number of countries with fiscal deficits has surged, and the debt pressure has increased.

Due to the single financial source and the significant impact of economic fluctuations, Pacific island countries generally have high debts and outstanding fiscal deficits, which have caused serious problems to the sustainable development of social economy.

In 2018, the fiscal deficit of Pacific island countries was four, and preliminary statistics in 2019 showed that it had expanded to six. Among them, Kiribati is the most serious, with deficit ratio accounting for 20.1% in 2018 and rising to 23.2% in 2019. The main reason is that the salary expenditure has increased by 33.9%, and the purchase of aircraft by Kiribati Airlines has caused huge financial costs. Fiji’s fiscal deficit ratio in 2018 is 4.3%, which is about twice as much as that in 2017 (2.3%) due to the increase in operating and investment expenditures. At the same time, the proportion of government debt to GDP increased from 46.4% in 2017 to 50.0% in 2018. Although the financial deficit ratio of Papua New Guinea is not high, its foreign debt has been rising in recent years, and it will reach 13.6% of GDP in 2020, which will account for 44.8% of the total central government debt. After several years of expanding deficit, the Solomon Islands government has made great efforts to reduce the fiscal deficit ratio from 3.8% in 2017 to 0.6% in 2018 through a series of measures to increase the export tariff on logs. With the government’s investment in Tina River hydropower project, the fiscal deficit ratio will reach 1.2% in 2019, and it is expected that the fiscal deficit ratio will still expand slightly in 2020. Despite the severe impact of the disaster, Samoa achieved its first fiscal surplus in nine years in 2018 through strict expenditure control and high external grants, but the proportion of foreign currency debt to GDP is still as high as 49.4%.Tuvalu’s fiscal surplus will turn from positive to negative due to the continuous growth of infrastructure expenditure and the sharp decline of fishing income, and a fiscal deficit ratio of 1.1% will appear in 2019. Thanks to the budget support provided by development partners, Tonga achieved a fiscal surplus of 1.4% in 2018, but its foreign debt increased from 39.5% in 2017 to 41.8%.

Table 2-4 Financial Balance of Pacific Island Countries (2018-2019)

Source: Asian Development Bank, Pacific Economic Monitor https://www.adb.org/publications/series/Pacific-economic-monitor.

(B) Development opportunities

1. The global attention and influence of Pacific island countries have increased rapidly.

Pacific island countries live deep in the ocean, mostly in the earthquake-active zone around the Pacific Ocean, with small land area and low altitude. They have been threatened by natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes and tsunamis for a long time, and they are also facing great survival pressure from global warming and rising sea levels. In developing economy and improving people’s livelihood, island countries are also faced with a series of core problems such as fragile ecological environment, weak industrial base and weak national strength. Faced with the dual dilemma of survival and development, the Pacific Ocean has a strong desire to warm up and win the support of the international community. In recent years, Pacific island countries have taken active actions and made great efforts on major issues related to their own survival and development, such as climate change, international cooperation, inclusive growth and sustainable development, using the existing regional cooperation mechanism and the international stage of the United Nations, and their global attention has rapidly increased, creating good conditions for them to carry out international economic and trade cooperation more extensively.

In 2014, Samoa successfully hosted the Third International Conference on Small Island Developing States; In 2017, Fiji became the president of the 23rd Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which was the first time that a small island developing state seriously affected by climate change took the chair of the United Nations Climate Conference. In April 2018, the Pacific Islands Forum Economic Ministers’ Meeting was held in Palau, which attracted the extensive participation of institutions such as the Asian Development Bank, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, the resident representative office of the International Monetary Fund, the Pacific Financial Technical Assistance Center, and private sector organizations in the Pacific Islands [3]; In November 2018, the 26th informal leadership meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) was held in the Pacific island countries for the first time. As the only representative of APEC member countries in the Pacific island countries, Papua New Guinea received unprecedented attention from the international community.

2. Extraterritorial powers strengthen cooperation with Pacific island countries.

In recent ten years, with the promotion of the international status of Pacific island countries and the increasingly prominent strategic position of the region, Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Japan and other extraterritorial powers have sought more and deeper cooperation with Pacific island countries, which is expected to bring a new round of aid peak to Pacific island countries and stimulate economic growth in a certain period of time.

Australia and New Zealand have always regarded the Pacific island countries as important national interests and their natural "spheres of influence". Maintaining regional influence with high aid is a long-term strategy of Australia and New Zealand towards Pacific island countries. According to the data of Lowy Institute for International Policy, an Australian think tank, between 2011 and 2017, the total aid of Australia and New Zealand to Pacific island countries was US$ 6.59 billion and US$ 1.21 billion respectively, making them the first and third largest donors respectively. Among them, Australia’s aid to Pacific island countries accounts for more than one-fifth of its total foreign aid. In Australia’s 2018 budget plan, the scale of foreign aid is similar to that of previous years, about 4.2 billion Australian dollars (about 3.07 billion US dollars), but the amount of aid to Pacific island countries has increased from 1.1 billion Australian dollars (about 800 million US dollars) in the previous year to 1.3 billion Australian dollars (about 950 million US dollars).

Considering the regional situation of Pacific island countries, the United States has re-strengthened its investment in Pacific island countries in recent years. In November 2018, at the 26th APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting held in port moresby, Papua New Guinea, the United States, Japan, Australia and New Zealand announced that they would invest 1.7 billion US dollars to help Papua New Guinea build power and network equipment. In March 2019, the Center for International Strategic Studies of the United States and the Pacific Island Forum held a dialogue with the theme of "Strengthening the US-Pacific Island Partnership", proposing that the United States and Pacific island countries should conduct trade negotiations, draw up a new round of investment framework agreement (TIFA), and promote the sustainable growth of fisheries and other industries through remote sensing technology, manufacturing technology and other emerging technologies. [4]

Since 1997, Japan has held summit meetings between Japan and Pacific island countries on a regular basis. Up to now, this meeting has been held for eight times, which has become a regular exchange mechanism and channel for Japan and Pacific island countries to conduct diplomatic, aid and trade activities. At the seventh session held in May 2015, Japan indicated that it would provide about 453 million US dollars of assistance to Pacific island countries in the next three years. India, South Korea and other countries have also used international multilateral occasions and established bilateral cooperation and dialogue mechanisms to strengthen communication with Pacific island countries. For example, in August 2015, the second "India-Pacific Island Countries Forum" was held in Jaipur, a city in northern India. Leaders or representatives of 14 island countries participated in the meeting, and India and Pacific island countries reached numerous cooperation and assistance agreements.

3. "One Belt, One Road" builds a new platform for Pacific island countries to integrate into the world

At present, a new round of globalization with emerging market economies as the main driving force is sweeping the world. Especially after China put forward the "One Belt, One Road" initiative, economic globalization is expected to gradually advance from the marine economic globalization that rose in the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean in the past 400 years to such an unprecedented all-round economic globalization in human history. In addition, social informatization represented by networking, digitalization and intelligence has appeared worldwide, which makes the development momentum of the new round of economic globalization stronger [5]. Due to their special geographical location and historical and cultural background, Pacific island countries have not really integrated into the global social and economic development system under the waves of globalization led by the West, and have embarked on an independent development path. It is urgent to seize the great opportunity of the new round of globalization, accelerate the establishment of an independent modern economic system and regional governance system, and successfully embark on the road of sustainable development.

In recent years, under the impetus of the "Belt and Road Initiative", China and Pacific island countries have continuously made new breakthroughs in cooperation in infrastructure, economy and trade, investment, tourism and education, helping Pacific island countries to play an important role in improving infrastructure, cultivating modern industries, increasing local employment, expanding export to earn foreign exchange and promoting personnel training. By the end of 2018, China’s direct investment in island countries was about 3.25 billion US dollars, involving mining, agriculture, fisheries, wholesale and retail, etc., with a total project contract value of 14.87 billion US dollars and a turnover of 10.6 billion US dollars, involving construction, roads, airports, water conservancy, telecommunications and other fields [6], creating about 15,000 jobs for Pacific island countries [7]. In 2018, the trade volume between China and Pacific island countries reached US$ 8.66 billion, up 5.6% year-on-year, of which China imported US$ 4.68 billion from Pacific island countries, exceeding China’s exports to Pacific island countries (US$ 3.98 billion). [8] In 2019, the holding of the second Belt and Road International Cooperation Summit Forum, the China-Pacific Island Countries Tourism Year and the third China-Pacific Island Countries Economic Development Cooperation Forum will better promote Pacific island countries to take the China Development Express, integrate into the world economic network and share the new round of globalization development dividends.

Third, the economic development prospects and countermeasures of Pacific island countries

(A) Prospects

1. The overall economic development is improving, and the annual fluctuation will continue.

At present, attracting foreign investment to promote domestic infrastructure construction and industrial project development has gradually become the consensus of Pacific island countries. For example, in recent years, Papua New Guinea has promoted a series of infrastructure projects in accordance with the development strategic plans such as the Papua New Guinea Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030 and the Vision Plan 2050. Many major resource projects such as the natural gas expansion project and the Wa fiegel Putong gold mine project will become important engines to promote economic growth in the medium and long term. Fiji plans to invest 1.5 billion Fiji dollars in 10 years from 2017, and encourages private enterprises and foreign enterprises to participate in the investment and vigorously develop an energy system with hydropower as the mainstay, supplemented by solar energy and other clean energy sources, so as to enhance energy security capacity and promote economic development. At the same time, Fiji regards tourism as the "main driving force" of the future national economic development, and has formulated the "Fiji Tourism Plan 2021", aiming to attract more overseas tourists and increase tourism income by strengthening tourism infrastructure, industry integration and coordination, and protecting the ecological environment.

With the accumulation of investment, the improvement of infrastructure and the development of major projects, the development potential of Pacific island countries is gradually being released, and the overall trend of economic development is further guaranteed. However, due to congenital reasons such as small economic scale, simple structure and frequent disasters, the nature of economic fragility in Pacific island countries is difficult to change for a long time. And as the economic development is more and more closely related to external conditions such as global commodity prices, external investment and export markets, the annual fluctuation of the overall economy of Pacific island countries will continue, but the fluctuation range is expected to gradually slow down with the expansion of economic scale and the enhancement of resilience.

2. Diversified foreign cooperation has great potential for cooperation with emerging markets.

Being far away from the center of human social and economic activities in the world, strengthening economic and trade ties with foreign powers is an important channel for Pacific island countries to integrate into the world economic network. At the same time, however, historical experience has also made Pacific island countries generally realize that excessive dependence on external forces is an important reason why Pacific island countries have not yet formed a healthy economic, social and political self-growth system. Therefore, it is an important strategy for Pacific island countries to make up for the weakness of strength comparison between Pacific island countries and big countries by "great power balance diplomacy", which is also the basis for foreign powers to enter Pacific island countries one after another.

In recent years, the Pacific island countries’ desire for independent development and joint self-improvement has been increasing, not only for new aid, but also for strategic partners who can help them realize their sustainable development aspirations. Based on this, the traditional power pattern of Pacific island countries is changing [10], and emerging markets represented by China have become a new important support for Pacific island countries to carry out international cooperation. In terms of aid, according to the data of Lowy Institute for International Policy, an Australian think tank, China’s aid to Pacific island countries reached US$ 1.22 billion from 2011 to 2017, surpassing New Zealand and becoming the second largest aid country after Australia. In the meantime, aid from Australia and New Zealand decreased by 60% and 85% respectively. In terms of economic and trade cooperation, under the unfavorable situation of slowing global trade growth, bilateral trade has continuously made new progress. At present, China has become the largest trading partner and export market of Solomon Islands, the second largest trading partner of Papua New Guinea and Fiji, and the third largest trading partner of Samoa. [11] China and Taiping and other mutually beneficial friendly cooperation have made important contributions to supporting and helping Pacific island countries to develop their economies, reduce poverty and improve people’s livelihood. The two sides have obvious complementary advantages, and there is still great room for future cooperation.

3. Shortcomings and risks are still outstanding, and the ability of sustainable development needs to be improved.

The shortcomings and risks of Pacific island countries, such as weak infrastructure, low level of public services, imbalance between supply and demand of human resources, fragile ecological environment, low governance capacity and high debt, are still outstanding, and it is difficult to be significantly improved in a long period of time, which will greatly restrict the space for economic growth and the sustainability of growth.

For example, in terms of supply and demand of human resources, in most Pacific island countries, well-educated workers are employed overseas, and a large part of the working-age population continues to engage in informal market activities for a living, with little dependence on the formal job market. At the same time, women’s participation in the labor force is generally lower than that of men. This labor market situation persists, and the number of unemployed and semi-unemployed people in Pacific island countries may increase sharply in the next few decades [12], which will cause serious problems to the sustained economic development of Pacific island countries. In terms of ecological environment protection, although Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and other countries have achieved relatively high economic growth rates in recent years, the continuous exploitation of mineral resources and logging are considered to be great damage to the ecological environment and sustainable development of island countries, which has attracted great attention from the international community. Take Solomon Islands as an example. In 2017, the log export volume of Solomon Islands exceeded 3 million cubic meters, nearly 20 times of its annual sustainable logging volume, which will directly affect the sustainable development of the whole country. In terms of governance capacity, most basic services in Pacific island countries are provided by state-owned enterprises, and the high operating costs and weak governance capacity of state-owned enterprises threaten the sustainability of most public assets and infrastructure managed by state-owned enterprises, which in turn transmits and affects the sustained economic development.

(2) Countermeasures and suggestions

1. Improve the infrastructure support system and improve the regional investment environment.

First, strengthen the construction of transportation infrastructure. On the one hand, give priority to the construction of major projects that are conducive to the development of economy, trade and tourism, promote the expansion and upgrading of airports in an orderly manner according to market demand, and increase routes and flights for major markets. At the same time, actively promote the construction of regional passenger ports, cruise ships and yacht routes, enhance water transportation capacity, and accelerate the construction of a more convenient and smooth external transportation network pattern; On the other hand, around the major production projects and people’s livelihood projects in key cities or regions of Pacific island countries, infrastructure construction plans and project reserves will be compiled as soon as possible, and infrastructure construction such as roads and bridges will be increased to improve the convenience, reliability and safety of transportation infrastructure.

The second is to improve the information infrastructure network. Actively seek cooperation with the world’s leading telecom network operators, relying on the mature operation mode of large enterprises, the vast global network layout and rich experience in the construction of large-scale communication facilities to promote the information interconnection plan in the Pacific region. Support qualified countries to build data centers and cloud computing centers in Pacific island countries, promote the construction of ICT (Information Communications Technology) hubs in Pacific island countries, provide information technology support for social and economic development and natural disaster prevention in Pacific island countries, and promote the development of digital economy in Pacific island countries while improving the soft investment environment.

The third is to build a renewable energy security system. Give full play to the advantages of energy resources in Pacific island countries, actively introduce international advanced energy technology and capital according to local conditions, jointly promote the construction of a "multi-energy combination" carbon-free energy system such as wind power, photovoltaic, micro-hydropower, wave energy, tidal energy and energy storage, gradually establish a standard system for carbon-free energy islands, explore and promote a self-sufficient net zero-carbon energy supply model on the island, so as to promote the energy transformation of the island countries, ensure energy supply, and enhance the investment attraction of major industrial projects, and then

The fourth is to strengthen the infrastructure construction of disaster prevention and mitigation. Actively seek international assistance to speed up the establishment of multi-hazard, standardized and integrated natural disaster risk early warning business. Strengthen the construction of disaster service distribution channels, and use TV, Internet, mobile phones and other means to achieve full coverage of regional people. Support Pacific island countries to build hurricane monitoring and early warning centers, strengthen regional numerical forecasting capacity building, improve the calculation accuracy and stability of the model, and enhance the ability to predict abnormal hurricane paths. Support the establishment of regional natural disaster reduction data centers and emergency rescue bases in Pacific island countries, and improve the ability to obtain, share, analyze and judge disaster information and deal with major disasters in a timely manner.

2. Cultivate modern industrial system and enhance the ability of sustainable development.

First, give priority to supporting the high-level development of tourism. Pacific island countries are encouraged to build a world-class island tourism destination, and jointly launch a number of characteristic islands with unique resources, convenient transportation and appropriate scale for international auction of island use rights, and international enterprises with conditions are encouraged to invest in tourism in the form of sole proprietorship or joint venture with local enterprises of island countries. Adhere to the coordinated development of protection and development, and carry out all-round cooperation in the development of tourist routes, the construction of tourist facilities, the operation and management of tourism enterprises and the training of tourism professionals in accordance with the principle of "one island, one policy", so as to form a full-chain tourism cooperative development model integrating pre-project planning and design, medium-term investment and construction (including infrastructure such as road traffic, ecological landscape and hotels) and post-operation management (such as the development of tourism market, the operation of routes and the planning of tourist routes).

The second is to accelerate the upgrading and development of fisheries. Strengthen the scientific management of fishery resources and actively promote the integrated development of fishery "fishing+aquaculture". On the one hand, relying on the resource conditions of Pacific island countries, we will actively introduce technology, equipment and funds from China and other countries in factory farming, improve insurance and related supporting policies, and support fishery enterprises to build fishery breeding bases; On the other hand, support leading fishery enterprises to plan and build a number of multi-functional comprehensive offshore fishery service bases integrating production bases, cold storage processing bases, offshore fishing boat replenishment bases and service guarantee platforms in Pacific island countries, providing fishery enterprises with all-round services such as catch distribution, deep processing of catches, cold chain logistics, ship leasing and maintenance, comprehensively enhancing the added value of Pacific fishery economy and increasing tax revenue of island countries.

Third, actively promote the development of high-tech agriculture. Actively introduce foreign leading agricultural enterprises and agricultural scientific research institutions, and build agricultural cooperation experimental zones or agricultural cooperation demonstration zones on the basis of consolidating and deepening cooperation in grain breeding, planting and deep processing. Support Papua New Guinea and other countries to carry out comprehensive agricultural development, set up agricultural production bases, actively develop agricultural products storage and logistics, establish agricultural products production and processing parks and agricultural products production, marketing, processing, storage and transportation bases, and build a comprehensive agricultural demonstration park integrating planting, breeding, deep processing, inspection and quarantine, import and export licensing and independent customs declaration, so as to improve the comprehensive benefits of agricultural economy.

Fourth, vigorously expand the development space of marine economy. Strive to incorporate the exploration of ocean mineral resources in Pacific island countries into international aid cooperation plans, actively use international preferential loans, set up aid exploration projects, gradually promote resource exploration, development, processing, trading, storage, transportation and supporting terminal construction, and promote the industrialization of deep-sea mining. Introduce international leading biomedical enterprises, strengthen the research on functional active substances of marine organisms, develop high value-added marine biological nutrients, functional foods, health care products and new nutritional sources, carry out research and development and production of marine medical materials and wound repair products, and promote the industrial development of marine biomedicine.

3, strengthen international education and training cooperation, strengthen the professional talent reserve.

First, actively introduce high-quality educational resources. Actively promote higher education cooperation with foreign powers, and strive for donor countries to support interested universities to help island countries cultivate high-end talents by setting up branch schools in Pacific island countries or cooperating with outstanding universities in island countries. Support colleges and universities to carry out educational reform, ensure that colleges and universities have more autonomy in running schools, and have the right to choose in teaching curriculum and planning, and adjust training settings, curriculum selection and enrollment in time according to the needs of island countries, so as to customize and train all kinds of professionals for Pacific island countries and do a good job in supporting long-term development of talent reserves.

The second is to build a multi-level professional skills training platform. Learn from the experience of the International Vocational Education Platform (IVEP), support Pacific island countries to jointly build a professional labor training and technical training platform for the local market, and regularly carry out activities such as interactive exchange of talents and intelligence, observation and training of innovative and entrepreneurial platforms, so as to provide short-term employment and training for young people and women. At the same time, actively hold labor and technical training competitions to promote technical exchanges and meet the market demand for various technical talents in the short term.

4. Increase financial risk control measures to avoid economic fluctuations.

First, continue to implement the open and cooperative development mode of major investment projects. Because of the large investment and long recovery period of energy and mineral projects, their potential risks will also increase. It is undoubtedly a feasible strategy to minimize the potential risks by introducing multinational cooperative development and sharing losses. For example, Papua New Guinea’s natural gas expansion project and Wa fiegel Pu copper and gold mine project all cost billions of dollars. Opening up through multi-party cooperation can effectively reduce the direct investment of the domestic government, avoid pushing up the debt pressure, and rationally disperse potential economic risks.

Second, actively promote state-owned enterprises to reduce costs and increase efficiency. The high operating costs of state-owned enterprises in Pacific island countries, especially Kiribati, Nauru and Tuvalu, have become a serious threat to their financial sustainability. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the assessment and supervision of the financial performance of state-owned enterprises, including adopting a more transparent method for the annual financial transfer of state-owned enterprises, reducing their dependence on subsidies and continuous social security transfer, etc., so as to promote state-owned enterprises to reduce costs and increase efficiency and reduce their financial drag on Pacific island countries.

The third is to optimize the tax structure in a reasonable and compliant manner and expand fiscal revenue. Adapt to the characteristics of the new stage of social and economic development, rationally optimize the tax structure, expand fiscal revenue, and ease the fiscal deficit. For example, in 2018, Solomon Islands officially increased its tax revenue by more than one-fifth compared with 2017 by raising the export tariff on logs. At the same time, the amendment to the Commodity Tax Law was promulgated, which increased the consumption tax on alcohol and tobacco, thus bringing a larger space for fiscal revenue, and finally achieving the reduction of fiscal deficit ratio from 3.8% in 2017 to 0.6% in 2018.

//This article is contained in the Blue Book of Pacific Island Development Report (2020) published by the Pacific Island Research Center of Liaocheng University.

The spiritual home of scholars

A lifetime of reading and thinking.

A lifelong pursuit of wisdom

Life must-read books Top100

Literature

No.1 《hundred yearslonely》

Garcia ·Marquez (with)

"One Hundred Years of Solitude" describes the legendary story of seven generations of Buendia family and the century-long rise and fall of Macondo, a small town on the Caribbean coast, reflecting the changeable history of Latin America in the past century. The works are mixed with mysterious factors such as myths and legends, folk stories, religious allusions, etc., skillfully blending reality and illusion, showing a magnificent imaginary world, and becoming one of the most important classic literary masterpieces in the 20th century.

NO.2 "Living"

Yu Hua (with)

The landlord’s young master, rich and addicted to gambling, finally gambled away all his possessions. Rich and poor went to seek medical treatment because his mother was ill. Unexpectedly, he was caught by the Kuomintang troops on the way and was captured by the People’s Liberation Army. When he returned to his hometown, he realized that his mother had died, and his wife, Jane, had brought up a pair of children, but his daughter unfortunately became deaf and dumb, and his son was clever and lively …

NO.3 The Old Man and the Sea

Ernest ·Hemingway (with)

This book tells the story of a fisherman. Santiago, an old Cuban fisherman, finally caught a marlin by himself after failing to catch any fish for 84 days in a row, but the fish was so big that he dragged his boat on the sea for three days and was exhausted. He killed it and tied it to one side of the boat. On the way home, he was attacked by another shark, and finally returned to Hong Kong with only a fish head and tail and a spine. In the days when old San Diego went to sea, his friends who had forgotten the year had been waiting loyally at the seaside, welcoming his return with confidence.

NO.4 "Words on Earth"

Wang Guowei (with)

The book "Ci Hua on Earth" is a brand-new comment on China’s old literature after Wang accepted the baptism of western aesthetic thought, which is of epoch-making significance and has always been highly valued by academic circles. Huang Lin, a famous expert today, is invited to read the book, which not only sorts out its theoretical framework and highlights its essence, but also focuses on its academic origin, historical and cultural background, and the author’s specific situation and mentality at that time, thus helping readers understand the original work accurately and highlighting the academic personality of Wang Guowei, a master of Ci.

No.5 "300 Tang poems"》

Gu Qing (ed.)

Three hundred Tang Poems is a widely circulated anthology of Tang poems. The range of selected poems is quite broad, and most of the selected poems are representative and relatively simple, which is easy for readers to accept.

NO.6 "Scream"

Lu Xun (with)

Scream is a collection of short stories written by Lu Xun from 1918 to 1922, including 14 works, such as Diary of a Madman, Kong Yiji, Medicine, Tomorrow, A Little Thing and The Story of Hair. At that time, the spirit of the May 4th Revolution was high. The author’s novels are intended to describe "the unfortunate people in a sick society", "expose the suffering and attract the attention of treatment" and "shout" for the New Culture Movement.

NO.7 The Story of the Sahara

Sanmao (with)

The Story of Sahara is the most popular among Sanmao’s works. The vastness of Sahara and desert is as mysterious as its name, giving people unlimited imagination. The love between San Mao and Jose is here, and the beautiful life blooms in the lonely desert.

No.8 The Complete Works of Haizi’s Poems》

Haizi (with)

The Complete Works of Haizi’s Poems contains all the literary works discovered so far. Haizi’s lyric short poems, long poems and dramas, poetic outlines, diary novels and other genre works are included.

NO.9 "Three-body"》

Liu Cixin (with)

An ideological experiment on history and reality. Expose the human soul to the cold starry sky. The distant world is like a dream. But like a mirror. Reflect human beings more profoundly. A science fiction novel that is more real than reality and more ethereal than myth.

No.10 《1984》

George ·Orwell (with)

1984 is an outstanding political fable novel and a fantasy novel. The work depicts the living state of human beings in a totalitarian society, and there is a warning label that never fades, warning the world to guard against the expected darkness becoming a reality. After decades, its vitality has become increasingly powerful, and it is known as one of the most far-reaching literary classics in the 20th century.

No.11 Pride and prejudice

simple ·Austin (with)

Pride and Prejudice is Jane Austen’s masterpiece and a classic novel about love and marriage. Based on the love entanglement between the hero and heroine Darcy and Elizabeth due to arrogance and prejudice, the work has written four marriages.

No.12 the legend of the condor heroes

Jin Yong (with)

Jin Yong’s martial arts novels contain charming cultural atmosphere, rich historical knowledge and profound national spirit.

NO.13 The Three of Us

Yang Jiang (with)

The Three of us is a memoir of family life written by Yang Jiang, the wife of Qian Zhongshu. In 1998, Qian Zhongshu died, and he and Yang Jiang’s only daughter, yuan qian, had died before them (in 1997). Four years after his life partner left, at the age of 92, Yang Jiang carefully described the ups and downs of their special family for 63 years, forming a memoir "The Three of us".

NO.14 "Walking at Night"

Keigo Higashino (with)

"I just wish I could walk hand in hand in the sun", which symbolizes the desperate idea at the core of the story, is like a beautiful cover. With countless messy, depressed and sad story fragments, it is restored like a documentary: there is no infatuation, no seas run dry and rocks crumble, only a cold and desperate trick is left, and the last trace of warmth is completely abandoned. Thousands of readers are moved by a sad love that redeems sin ..

NO.15 "Love in the City"

Zhang Ailing (with)

Love in the City is Zhang Ailing’s famous work and masterpiece. Bai Liusu and Fan Liuyuan, a pair of vulgar men and women, were thrown together by fate in the chaos of war, and realized the "a little sincerity" between "an ordinary couple" in an instant.

NO.16 Gone with the Wind

Margarita/ Margaret ·Mitchell (with)

Gone with the Wind is the famous work of Margaret, an American woman writer, which writes the most glorious page in the history of American literature. The work tells the tortuous and sad marriage story of the protagonist Scarlett during the American Civil War.

NO.17 The Complete Works of Sherlock Holmes

Arthur Conan Doyle (by)

Strange plot, suspense, the smartest detective in the world, and the most secretive case in the world, Holmes not only makes criminals have nowhere to hide, but also makes your brain cells stir enthusiastically.

NO.18 The Count of Monte Cristo

Dumas (with)

Based on the Bourbon Dynasty and the July Dynasty in France, the novel describes a story of repaying kindness and revenge. Tang Taisi, the first mate of Pharaoh, was entrusted by the captain at the end of his life to send a letter to Napoleon. He was framed by two little people who were jealous of him and was put on death row. Father Faria, a cellmate, taught him all kinds of knowledge and told him the secrets of a batch of treasures before he died. After he managed to escape from prison, he found the treasure and became a millionaire. From then on, he assumed the pseudonym of Count of Monte Cristo, and after careful planning, he repaid his benefactor and punished three enemies who wanted to kill him.

NO.19 Border Town

Shen Congwen (with)

Border Town is Shen Congwen’s masterpiece, which shows readers the harmonious life form of Xiangxi world. The novel describes the tortuous love between Tianbao and Nuo, the two sons of the Shancheng Tea Cave Wharf Group, and Cui Cui, the granddaughter of the ferryman. Castle peak, green water, the old ferryman by the river, the 16-year-old Cui Cui, the natural forest protection on the river raft, and the vigorous Nuo in the dragon boat …

NO.20 How to Read a Book

Mortimer J. Ejdero/Charles Van Doren (with)

People who don’t know how to read, people who are trying to read, can read this book less wrongly. Those who have some experience in reading can have a deeper confirmation and understanding by reading this book.

NO.21 Sophie’s World

Jostein gaarder (with)

In the form of a novel, this book reveals the development of western philosophy through the process of a philosophy tutor imparting philosophical knowledge to a girl named Sophie. From the pre-Socratic era to Sartre, as well as the thoughts of Aristotle, Descartes, Hegel and others, all come to the page through the author’s vivid brushstrokes, and are explained with the historical background at that time, which is fascinating. Critics believe that this book is the most suitable introductory book for those who have never read philosophy courses, and it can also play a role in refreshing the old knowledge for those who have read some philosophies before and forgotten them completely.

NO.22 Ordinary World

Lu Yao (with)

This is a novel that shows the contemporary urban and rural social life in China in a panoramic way. The book consists of three parts. In the past ten years, the author has portrayed the images of many ordinary people from all walks of life through complex contradictions and entanglements. Labor and love, frustration and pursuit, pain and joy, daily life and huge social conflicts are intricately intertwined, which profoundly shows the difficult and tortuous road that ordinary people have taken in the historical process of the great era.

NO.23 Red Sorghum

Mo Yan (with)

In the history of modern literature movement in China, the appearance of Red Sorghum has profound significance of aesthetic transformation. The author replaces "being present personally" with "fictional narration", subverts "hero worship" with "debauchery and wealth", challenges "old dreams and new knowledge" with "soul redemption", and declares the historical end of the legendary myth of revolutionary heroes with strong artistic rationality.

NO.24 The Catcher in the Rye

J.D. Salinger (by)

The Catcher in the Rye is an epic of youth. The declaration of resistance to the adult world has allowed teenagers’ questions, doubts and escapes to be recognized and vented, which has influenced generations of young people.

NO.25 The Moon and Sixpence

William Somerset Mao Mu (with)

The book tells the story of the protagonist who was a securities broker. After middle age, he suddenly responded to his inner call and abandoned everything to live with the aborigines in Tahiti in the South Pacific. He was inspired and created many artistic masterpieces. In his novels, Mao Mu deeply discusses the contradiction and interaction between life and art.

NO.26 the dust settles

Alai (with)

A prominent Tibetan toast in Kangba gave birth to a foolish son with his wife of Han nationality after drinking. This fool, recognized by everyone, is incompatible with real life, but he has a premonition and behavior beyond the times and has become a witness to the rise and fall of the toast system. The story of the novel is wonderful, tortuous and moving. With passionate pen and ink and detached eyes, it shows the rich national customs and the romantic mystery of the toast system.

No.27 Interpretation of the Book of Songs

Cheng Junying (ed.)

Annotation of the Book of Songs is a complete translation of the Book of Songs. Each poem has an explanation, clarifying the background and the theme of the poem. Annotations are comprehensive, concise and accurate. On the basis of faithfulness and expressiveness, the translation strives for elegance, and all the folk songs are translated into ancient folk songs, and each sentence is translated in pairs, which is convenient for readers to compare with each other. It is an indispensable basic reader for today’s classical literature lovers.

No.28 "Watching"

Long Yingtai (with)

A very affectionate and touching anthology. From father’s death, mother’s aging, son’s departure, friends’ concern, and brothers’ hand in hand, write about failure and fragility, loss and letting go, and write about lingering and utter nothingness.

NO.29 "Memoirs of Literature"

Mu Xin (dictation)/Chen Danqing (transcript)

Mu Xin’s literary memories, Chen Danqing’s five-year lecture notes —— From 1989 to 1994, Mu Xin gave a lecture on "the history of world literature" for a small group of China artists in new york, and was impressed by the "literary expedition" for five years, but later he didn’t mention the publication. A large number of wonderful literary insights of Mu Xin, together with witty remarks that digress from the subject, are all presented in the transcript. After reading it, you must be in the door of world literature, not outside.

NO.30 Me and Ditan

Shi Tiesheng (with)

Ditan is just a carrier, but the essence of the article is a desperate person’s process of seeking hope and missing his mother.

NO.31 Les Miserables

Victor hugo (with)

With outstanding artistic charm, the book shows a splendid picture of modern French social life and political life from the French Revolution in 1793 to the People’s Uprising in Paris in 1832, which embodies Hugo’s extraordinary talent in narrative to the greatest extent and is a model of combining realism and romanticism in the history of world literature.

No.32 Norwegian forest

Haruki Murakami (with)

This is a touching, gentle Shu Ya, slightly sentimental love novel. Watanabe, the hero of the novel, unfolds his love entanglement with two girls in the first person.

No.33 unbearable lightness of life

Milan Kundera (with)

The novel describes the love life between Thomas, Teresa and Salina. However, it is not a love triangle story between a man and two women, but a philosophical novel. Starting from the discussion of "eternal reincarnation", the novel brings readers into thinking about a series of issues, such as lightness and heaviness, spirit and flesh.

NO.34 Four Great Classical Novels: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin, The Journey to the West, A Dream of Red Mansions.

Cao Xueqin, Wu Cheng’en, Shi Naian, Luo Guanzhong (with)

The status of these four masterpieces in China’s literary history is inseparable, and they all have high literary level and artistic achievements. The detailed descriptions and profound thoughts contained in them are praised by readers of all ages, and the stories, scenes and characters in them have deeply influenced Chinese’s ideological concepts and value orientation.

NO.35 Fortress Besieged

Qian Zhongshu (with)

The novel created a group image of a class of intellectuals at the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, vividly reflecting the behavior and confusion of special people in a specific period of the country. It describes the scene and atmosphere at that time from another angle. Although it has a specific historical background, this novel only reveals the weaknesses of the crowd, and it can still resonate with people today.

No.36 teahouse

Lao She (with)

Teahouse is set in a big teahouse in Beijing, which describes the life style of Beijing in three historical periods: the late Qing Dynasty, the early Republic of China and after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, and profoundly writes the true fate of Wang Lifa and others.

No.37 White Deer Plain

Chen Zhongshi (with)

Taking Bailu Village, which is known as "Renyi Village" in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province as the background, it reflects the feud between the two families, Bai and Lu, for three generations. The book contains profound national historical connotation, shocking realism and heavy epic style.

No.38 Lord of the Rings

J.R.R Tolkien (with)

The supreme Lord of the Rings has the power to control the precepts and enslave the world. The dark Lord Sauron has been searching for it for a long time. In order to protect his home, the heir of the Lord of the Rings, Frodo, resolutely left the quiet and simple Shire and embarked on an uncertain journey. He was accompanied by wise wizards, brave humans, good spirits, determined dwarves and peace-loving Hobbits. The journey witnessed courage and friendship.

Social sciences

NO.39 The Analects of Confucius

Zhonghua Book Company (ed.)

This book is an important classic of ancient Confucianism in China, and it is a record of Confucius’ words and deeds by his disciples and their disciples. This book is finally scheduled for the early Warring States period. Because of its popularity, it is difficult to determine the specific author, but it reflects Confucius’ thoughts intensively.

NO.40 "Glory and Dream"

William ·Manchester (with)

This book is a dynastic history of the United States, sketching a panoramic picture of American politics, economy, culture and social life during the forty years from before and after President Roosevelt took office in 1932 to the Watergate Incident during President Nixon’s term in 1972.

NO.41 Global History: From Prehistoric History to 21st Century

L.S. Stavri Anoos (with)

It mainly tells the evolution of world history, the development of world civilization and its influence on modern society. The author focuses on the whole world, focusing on those influential historical events that promote historical development, including the primitive society, the ancient civilization of Eurasia and the primitive civilization of Eurasia.

NO.42 "selfish genes"

Richard ·Dawkins (with)

Dawkins’ breakthrough contribution in The Selfish Gene is that it is the first time to introduce this important part of social theory based on natural selection to everyone in a concise and popular form and interesting language. He astonishes the world by proposing in The Selfish Gene: We are born selfish.

NO.43 "Crossing the South and Returning to the North"

Yue Nan (with)

The first epic masterpiece that comprehensively reproduces the fate changes of the last batch of masters in China in the 20th century. It tells the story of a large number of intellectuals who braved the fire of the Anti-Japanese War to move from the Central Plains to the southwest and then return to the Central Plains in the last century.

NO.44 A Brief History of Chinese Philosophy

Feng Youlan (with)

It can be said that this book is the first choice for understanding China’s philosophy. From 1946 to 1947, Mr. Feng Youlan was employed as a visiting professor at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States to teach the history of China’s philosophy, and his English lecture notes were compiled into this book.

NO.45 Fifteen Years of Wanli

Huang Renyu (with)

The 15th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, that is, 1587 AD, was originally an extremely ordinary year in the history of China. Focusing on the historical events around that year and the people living in that era, the author sorts out the problems existing in the traditional social management in China, and on this basis, explores the experiences and lessons that modern China should learn.

NO.46 "Social Contract Theory"

Rousseau (with)

On Social Contract is a work of political philosophy. It discusses the principle of political rights, and its main purpose is to lay a theoretical foundation for the establishment of people’s democratic sovereignty. Its appearance is the need of the times and the product of the progress of human society; It correctly answers the question raised by the historical process: where is the ship of French destiny sailing?

No.47 《 the chrysanthemum and the sword》

Ruth benedict (with)

Chrysanthemum and Knife starts from the strict hierarchical system of the Japanese, and makes a profound analysis of the Japanese nationality from the aspects of behavior habits, cultural concepts, moral world, human attitudes, self-cultivation and children’s education, from which we can interpret various cultural patterns formed by the Japanese nation over a long period of time, including the pressure to repay kindness, the choice between justice and freedom, the hedonistic view of human feelings and the cultivation method of self-abuse, and other traditions of children’s education.

NO.48 Out of Control

Kevin kelly (with)

Out of Control covers astronomy, chemistry, biology, computers, cybernetics, operational research, sociology … At the same time, it is comparable to the Oracle in The Matrix, and the emerging "cloud computing" and "Internet of Things" can all be found in this book written 15 years ago.

NO.49 The Big Question: An Introduction to Concise Philosophy

Robert Solomon (with)

This is an introductory reading of philosophy, and can also be used as a teaching material or reference book for the course of introduction to philosophy for undergraduate students. Its greatest advantage is that it is vivid and attractive, especially to attract the attention of non-professionals.

NO.50 "Mob: A Study of Popular Psychology"

Gustav ·Le Pen (with)

In his book, Gustave Le Bon described the collective mentality exquisitely, which had a great influence on people’s understanding of the role of collective behavior and their thinking on social psychology.

NO.51 The Art of War by Sun Tzu》

Sun Wu (with) Chen Xi (translation)

Thirteen articles of The Art of War, involving all aspects of military theory and practice, are profound in content, profound in thought and rigorous in logic. They are not only treasures in the ancient military cultural heritage of our country, but also an important part of our excellent traditional culture.

NO.52 Guns, germs and steel: the fate of human society

Jared diamond (with)

This book is a great progress in understanding the development history of human society. It records the causes of the modern world and its many inequalities. It is also a true history of all nationalities in the world and a complete and consistent narrative of human life. It is very readable.

NO.53 "Political Gains and Losses of China in Past Dynasties"

Qian Mu (with)

China’s Political Gains and Losses in Past Dynasties is a collection of the author’s special speeches, which gives an overview and comparison of various political systems in China in the five dynasties of Han, Tang, Song, Ming and Qing, such as government organization, official authority, examination and supervision, financial taxation, military service obligations, etc., and describes the evolution of reform, referring to the gains and losses of Chen. It not only sums up the essence of China’s history and politics, but also points out the misunderstandings of modern Chinese people about traditional culture and spirit.

No.54 "Tolerance"

Fang Long (with)

Tolerance is an enlightenment classic that replaced ignorance and paranoia with rationality and tolerance, and has influenced China since the reform and opening up. Its main contents include ignorant tyranny, imprisonment, religious reform and so on.

No.55 "Family heirloom"

Yao Renxiang (with)

It can be regarded as a master of Chinese culture and the wisdom of oriental life, especially in the aspects of China’s human relations, food, clothing, housing and transportation. It is both instructive and dazzling, interesting and operable, and it is enough to become a family heirloom experience that has been attacked from generation to generation.

No.56 "Those Things in the Ming Dynasty"

The bright moon of the year (I)

This book tells something about the Ming Dynasty during the 300 years from 1344 to 1644. Based on historical materials, it takes the time and specific figures as the main line, and adds the brushwork of novels to show the fate of the 17th Emperor of the Ming Dynasty and other princes, dignitaries and small people in a panoramic way, especially the officialdom politics, wars and emperors’ minds, and adds the romance of the political and economic system and ethics at that time.

NO.57 "Worry in the Deep History: A Close Look at America"

Linda (with)

The author tells stories in American real life in the form of letters. It vividly introduces the ideological principles, establishment and development process, operation mode, historical value and the price paid and to be paid for the implementation of this system in the United States.

NO.58 History of China in Cambridge

Denis Twitchett (with) Michael Loewe (ed.)

The History of China in Cambridge is a history of China written entirely by western scholars. It follows the rigorous style that western sinology studies have always adhered to, widely quotes documents and materials, and pays attention to the identification and textual research of documents. Due to the historical and cultural differences between the East and the West, the book puts forward new viewpoints and doubts on many historical issues, and perhaps some problems have long been taken for granted and never considered.

NO.59 History of Western Philosophy

Russell (with)

The History of Western Philosophy is an academic masterpiece with great influence in the global intellectual circles. Since it was introduced to China in the early 1960s, it has had a general influence among intellectuals, and many people have burned incense and read quietly. Think of it as a necessary philosophical reading for your desk.

NO.60 "Cultural Journey"

Yu(with)

Cultural Journey is the first collection of Yu Qiuyu’s essays. The collected works mainly include two parts: one is historical and cultural essays, which are scattered and discussed to explore culture; The other part is reminiscence prose.

Economic management inspirational class

No.61 Seven Habits of Highly Effective People

Stephen Covey (with)

Select the core ideas and methods of Dr. Covey’s "Seven Habits" to bring super-value self-improvement experience to busy people. Use the least time to understand the road to sustainable success of high-performance people.

NO.62 Principles of Economics

Gregory Man Kun (with)

The biggest feature of this book is its "student orientation". Compared with other similar textbooks, this book emphasizes more on the application of economic principles and policy analysis than formal economic models. It is a good choice for beginners of economics.

NO.63 McKinsey’s 40-year Classic Training Textbook: The Golden Pagoda Principle

Barbara ·Minto (with)

Help you master how to think, communicate, manage subordinates and solve problems with the golden pyramid principle; Improve logic and organization; Master the action of expressing norms; Accurate and efficient communication, good effect and high efficiency.

No.64 "The Road Few People Walk"

Scott Peck (with)

This book reveals the meaning of communication and understanding everywhere. It transcends the limitations of the times, helps us explore the essence of love and leads us to live a brand-new, quiet and rich life. It helps us learn love and independence; It teaches us to be more competent and understanding parents. In the final analysis, it tells us how to find our true self.

No.65 "step forward"

Cheryl Sandberg (by)

Deeply analyzed the root causes of inequality between men and women, and solved the password of women’s success! She believes that the reason why women don’t have the courage to join the leadership and dare not let go of their dreams is more due to their inner fear and self-distrust. In her book, she encourages all women to boldly "sit at the table", take the initiative to participate in dialogue and discussion, and express their thoughts.

No.66 Rockefeller’s 38 Letters to His Son

John D Rockefeller (with)

It truly records Rockefeller’s achievements in creating wealth myths. From the book, people can not only see Rockefeller’s excellent moral character and excellent business ability, but also get a glimpse of the strategies and secrets of a generation of super-rich people to create wealth.

No.67 "the foundation will last forever"

James collins/Jerry Poles (with)

This book breaks old myths, provides novel insights and provides practical guidance for entrepreneurs who are interested in building great companies that can stand the test of time.

NO.68 Influence

Robert ·B ·Siodini (with)

In the book Influence, psychologist Dr. Robert B. Siodini explains why some people are very persuasive and we are always gullible. The six psychological secrets hidden behind impulsive obedience to others are the root of all this. Those persuasion experts always use them skillfully and let us submit.

NO.69 The Great Game: The Rise of Wall Street Financial Empire (1653-2011).

John ·S ·Gordon (with)

This is a book about the history of Wall Street, and it is also a book about American financial history and economic history. The historical events it describes make us clearly see that, to a great extent, Wall Street has promoted the growth of the United States from a primitive and single economy to a powerful and complex economy. In every stage of American economic development, the American capital market represented by Wall Street plays an important role.

NO.70 Dialogue with God

Neil Donald walsh (with)

How can I get along well with others? What is the truth about love and sex? How to change your destiny when disaster strikes? Those puzzles in life may find the key to solving them from Dialogue with God.

NO.71 Psychology and Life

Richard Grieg (with)

Psychology and Life is a textbook used by Stanford University in the United States for many years, and it is also a classic textbook popularized in many universities in the United States. It is recommended by ETS as the main reference book for GRE psychology special examination, and it is also the textbook selected by "General Psychology" courses in many national universities.

NO.72 "Effective Managers"

Peter drucker (with)

Enlighten China’s modern management book, the desk that will be used for life must be read, and the knowledge workers must be effective and effective, which can be learned.

NO.73 From 0 to 1: Unlocking the Secret of Business and the Future

Peter teale/Blake Masters (with)

In this book, Peter Thiel, the founder of Paypal and the first external investor of Facebook, elaborated his own entrepreneurial course and experience, including how to avoid competition, how to monopolize and how to find new markets.

NO.74 Das Kapital

Karl Marx (with)

Marx devoted his life to writing a scientific work. It is regarded as the "Bible" of the working-class revolution, a profound encyclopedia of Marxism that integrates philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism, and an immortal theoretical monument in the history of human thought.

NO.75 Thirty Years of Agitation: China Enterprises 1978-2008.

Wu Xiaobo (with)

The author of "Thirty Years of Agitation" did not use traditional textbooks or history books to write this book, but stood on the folk point of view and described the growth and development of China enterprises in the era of reform and opening up to the market and the world with real and exciting writing techniques.

Children class

No.76Education of love

Edmondo de Amicus (with)

"Love" runs through every chapter, including the love of the country, the nation and the society, as well as the love of parents, teachers and friends. It is touching and touching everywhere, and it places the author’s beautiful yearning for the ideal world.

NO.77 The Lost Corner

Sheldon Silverstein (with)

"The Lost Corner" tells the story of a circle missing a corner, and it is looking for it while singing. Some corners are too big, and some are too small. It crossed the ocean, weathered the wind and rain, and finally found the corner that suits it best. They formed a complete circle, but the circle found that it could no longer sing, so it gently put down the corner it had found and went on its search alone …

NO.78 The Hungry Caterpillar

Eric Carr (by)

For more than 30 years, this caterpillar with a red skull and a green body, which crawled out of Eric Carr’s hand and walked high, has "swallowed" the hearts of more than 20 million children in the world. This is a picture book full of poetry and creativity.

NO.79 Guess how much I love you.

Sam mcbratney (text)/Anita Gelang (photo)

The whole work is filled with the atmosphere of love and happy childlike interest. The friendly and lovely image of the little rabbit, the story framework of the two rabbits competing with each other, the image and novel details are all very attractive to children.

NO.80 Andersen’s Fairy Tales

Hans christian andersen (with)

One of the most famous collections of fairy tales in the world, although the creation genre belongs to fairy tales, it contains rich philosophy of life.

No.81 Up and Down Five Thousand Years

Lin Handa/Cao Yuzhang (with)

Five Thousand Years Up and Down is a set of historical books with stories. In this set of books, the author chooses important and famous people and events, organizes and cuts them according to historical materials, and writes them in popular modern language, without description and description, basically without fiction. In this way, in terms of the vividness of the plot, it cannot but be limited by historical materials; For readers to understand history, the materials provided are reliable and well-founded.

NO.82 Harry Potter

J.K. Rowling (by)

"Harry Potter" is full of love and friendship. If "love" and "friendship" are not enough to make so many readers crazy, there is another reason, that is, J.K. Rowling has added magic to it, and the author and readers have a broader imagination space in the magical world created by Rowling.

NO.83 "Different carmela"

Christian Yoripova (with)

The story is about the adventures of carmela the hen and her children Cameli and Carmen. Everyone in the carmela family is so different. Dare to fantasize, but also dare to try things that others dare not think. The book is full of thrilling plots and French humor.

NO.84 The Little Prince

Anthony de Saint-Exupery (by)

Taking a pilot as the narrator, the book tells all kinds of adventures that the little prince experienced when he set off from his own planet to the earth. With the childlike eyes of the little prince, the author reveals the emptiness, blindness and stupidity of adults, and writes the lonely fate of human beings in simple and naive language, which has no foundation and wanders with the wind.

NO.85 The Adventures of Tintin

Herge (with)

The story is vivid, humorous, educational and enlightening, suitable for preschool children and primary school students to read.

NO.86 "Charlotte’s Web"

E.b. White (by)

A story about a spider and a pig, written for children and adults.

Tech

NO.87 "God and New Physics"

Paul davis (with)

The theme of "God and New Physics" is the so-called four existential questions: Why is the law of nature like this? Why is the universe made up of all kinds of things that are now made up? How did these things start? How did the universe get organized? At the end, the author gives tentative answers to these questions.

No.88 Hundred Years of Silicon Valley: Great Technological Innovation and Entrepreneurship (1900-2013).

Alan Rao/pierrot Garuffi (with)

In chronological order, from radio technology, transistors, integrated circuits, to human genome, Internet and cloud computing, this paper describes in detail the major scientific and technological events that have taken place in Silicon Valley in the past 100 years.

NO.89 "Insects"

Fabres (with)

In the author’s pen, the insect world is so strange and full of vitality. Small insects abide by natural rules and make unremitting efforts for survival and reproduction. Spiders, bees, mantis, scorpions, cicadas, beetles and crickets are particularly brilliant and show amazing spirituality.

NO.90 From One to Infinity: Facts and Speculation in Science

George ·Gamov (with)

The work introduces some important progress in science since the 20th century in vivid language. First, I ramble about some basic mathematical knowledge, and then use some interesting metaphors to explain Einstein’s theory of relativity and four-dimensional space-time structure, and discuss the achievements of human beings in understanding the microscopic world (such as basic particles and genes) and the macroscopic world (such as the solar system and galaxies).

NO.91 "Top of the Tide"

Wu Jun (with)

"Top of the Tide" is not only a history book, but also tells about the development law of top technology companies, how Wall Street influences technology companies and the impact of the financial turmoil on the technology industry.

No.92 A Brief History of Time

Stephen hawking (with)

Hawking interpreted many profound cosmic problems in simple language, such as the nature of space and time.What exactly is time? Can time be reversed? Can I travel through the time tunnel? Is there an edge in the universe? Where did the universe originate and what will happen in the future? ……

NO.93 《DK Encyclopedia of Science

DK book publishing company (ed.)

The language of this book is easy to understand, the explanation is concise and incisive, and more importantly, there are few obscure scientific terms. In the book, the complex theories are disassembled in the form of charts, and the classic quotations quoted allow you to imprint scientific findings on your mind, while interesting illustrations will enhance your in-depth understanding of science.

NO.94 The Secret of DK Everything Working: An Introduction to the Physical World for Teenagers.

David Macaulay/Neil Adley (with)

The lovely and humorous mammoth will lead us into a fascinating physical world. It describes hundreds of principles of mechanical operation in a humorous way, showing the development process of physics from life, from simple cranes to high-tech networks. The words are simple and easy to understand, and the language is humorous. Even readers who don’t have any scientific common sense can suddenly realize the complex physical world. It is a necessary collection to stimulate young people’s physical enthusiasm.

No.95 A Brief History of Everything

Bill Blethen (with)

"A Brief History of Everything" is an easy-to-understand and fascinating book about the development history of modern science. With clear and humorous brushwork, the author puts many interesting stories from BIGBANG to the development of human civilization into his pen.

Art

No.96 The Story of Art

E.h. Gombrich (by)

One of the most famous and popular books on art. It generally describes the development process from the earliest cave painting to today’s experimental art, in order to clarify that art history is "a history in which various traditions are constantly circuitous and constantly changing, and every work in this history not only reviews the past but also leads to the future".

No.97The course of beauty

Li Zehou (with)

A Course of Beauty gives a general description and aesthetic grasp of China’s art and literature for thousands of years from a macroscopic perspective. Among them, it puts forward three aesthetic categories, such as the "dragon and phoenix dance" of primitive ancient art, the "twisted beauty" of bronze art in Yin and Zhou Dynasties, the "complementarity of Confucianism and Taoism" of rational spirit in pre-Qin Dynasty, the "romanticism" of Chu Ci, Han Fu and Han stone relief, the "awakening of man" in Wei and Jin Dynasties, the sculptures of Buddha statues in Six Dynasties, Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty, landscape paintings in Song and Yuan Dynasties, and poems, words and songs.

NO.98 A General History of Gardner’s Art

Fred ·S ·Crene (with)

A General History of Gardner’s Art follows Gardner’s basic framework, and explains the main idea of artistic development from the perspective of "panorama". The content of postmodern art from prehistoric times to the 20th century involves painting, sculpture, architecture, design, photography and arts and crafts, and reflects the holistic view and objectivity of balance of weights.

Lifestyle

NO.99 A good mother is better than a good teacher: a teacher’s notes for 16 years by an education expert.

Yin Jianli (with)

For the first time, the family education works were promoted to a professional level. The writing style is fluent and readable, which has changed the long-standing obscure phenomenon of educational works, and the breadth and depth formed in popularizing modern educational concepts are unprecedented.

NO.100 Men are from Mars and Women are from Venus.

John Gray (with)

A popular psychological self-help book that helps to improve the relationship between husband and wife, maintain a happy marriage, and make husband and wife go through the journey of life together.

– END –

Disclaimer: Some pictures and texts reproduced in WeChat official account are only for exchange and sharing, thanks for originality. If there is any infringement, please let me know and I will correct it in time.

▼

Reading | thinking | feeling

▼

Give time to reading.

　　[PConline evaluation] "Keeping pace with the times" is like the blood flowing in the body of a technology manufacturer. Without blood, you can’t survive; Without hematopoiesis, there is no vitality. And "keeping pace with the times" has different concrete appearances in different industries and different types of manufacturers. For example, in the notebook industry we are going to talk about next, "keeping pace with the times" means using the latest hardware and adopting a design language that fits the times and approaches consumers.

　　From the hardware point of view, the latest hardware is nothing more than Intel’s eight-generation (thin notebook)/nine-generation (game notebook) processors and NVIDIA’s MX (thin notebook) /RTX (game notebook) graphics cards. As a leader in the notebook industry, what kind of new hardware is connected in series and what kind of design is used to make Lenovo’s products stand out in the fierce competition in the market? This time,

　　Intimate design and accurate positioning of users

　　Just as black and white is an eternal classic, simplicity is a design that never falls behind. However, simplicity does not mean monotony, and how to distinguish simplicity from monotony, Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 is realized by small corner LOGO embellishment.

　　The front of Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 is treated with frosting and spraying technology. On the whole, it looks strong in metal texture, and it is dry and delicate in practice.

　　On the front of Nuoda, except Lenovo Logo in the upper left corner, the notebook has no other gaudy logo, which is concise and clear, not only conforms to the design pursuit of simplicity and fashion of young people at present, but also shows the neatness and competence of business elites when taking it on business trips.

　　When it comes to the use of business elites, Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 is equipped with many practical interfaces. Among them, from the outside to the inside, USB 3.1 interface x 2, SD card reader and small hole with "one-button recovery" function are arranged on the right side. The external USB 3.1 interface can charge mobile phones, tablets and other devices even if the computer is turned off. The notebook is cleverly transformed into a large charging treasure, and there is no need to carry multiple charging treasures on business trips, which is easy and enjoyable; The "one-button recovery" function converted from the ThinkPad blue key can also help users get out of trouble easily when they encounter intractable problems such as system crash/computer blue screen.

　　As for the left side, the power interface, HDMI display interface, USB Type-C interface and 3.5mm 2-in-1 audio interface are listed in turn. With the addition of USB Type-C interface, the diversified interface support of the computer is realized. No matter what type of data cable the mobile phone uses, there is always an interface suitable for you.

　　At the back of the rotating shaft and the bottom of the notebook, a large fence corresponds to the cooling fan of the notebook, and the heat generated when the notebook runs large software also has sufficient cooling space.

　　In addition, different from the traditional four-corner foot pads, Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 uses 2+1 rubber foot pads at the bottom, with long and thick rubber foot pads. With the first two small foot pads, the notebook can be used stably in more scenes.

　　Thanks to the flexibility of the rotating shaft, the opening and closing angle of Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 model can reach 180. It is also very convenient to play drama on the sofa/bed in leisure time and discuss ideas with others at work.

　　The narrow bezel design that keeps pace with the times generally stays at a width of 7.5mm in the market, while Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 has achieved a width of 4.25mm, which makes the notebook screen account for as much as 85.3%. The 15.6-inch notebook looks only the size of the traditional 14-inch notebook. When users are working, their horizons are wider and their mood is naturally brighter, and they can also feel greater vision when watching movies.

　　Due to the integration of the camera and microphone required for video, the forehead of Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 is not as narrow as the borders on both sides, but it is still much narrower than the ordinary models on the market. On this narrow forehead, Lenovo skillfully added a physical peep-proof switch to the camera, turned it off to the left and turned it on to the right. In an era when privacy is increasingly valued, sometimes an excellent design language is a small and intimate design that meets the needs of the times.

　　Now that we talk about privacy protection, fingerprint recognition is indispensable for a light notebook that keeps pace with the times. In the lower right corner of the keyboard of Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019, the fingerprint recognition function is added to Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019. This pressed fingerprint key can be used as a power-on key, and it can be unlocked to enter the system when it is dormant, thus avoiding the embarrassment of inputting passwords in front of many people and effectively protecting personal privacy.

　　Maybe you will ask, with this button, what is the function of the power button in the upper right corner? Just as the "one-button recovery" function exists, a backup scheme is also needed for the safety of business use. The existence of the power key is not only the first entrance when fingerprint identification is not set, but also the second entrance when fingerprint identification fails.

　　In order to get a better feel, many users like an external mechanical keyboard. Going on a business trip means saying goodbye to the mechanical keyboard, but using Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 does not mean saying goodbye to a good feel.

　　Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 keyboard adopts an isolated chocolate keyboard, and each key exists independently, with a distance of 19.05mm, which is not easy to touch by mistake; The key stroke is 1.3mm, and the quick tapping response is quick; Coupled with the matte paint on the surface of the keycap, although the feel is not as good as that of the mechanical keyboard, it is definitely not bad for business trips.

　　In addition, it is not difficult to use the backlight at night by calling up the backlight through FN+ space bar. And the digital keyboard area that makes full use of space will greatly improve the office efficiency for friends who have to deal with numbers every day.

　　In the touchpad part, Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 adopts an integrated glass touchpad solution. The area looks small, but it is very sensitive and smooth in actual operation. It can complete accurate operation only by clicking and gesturing, and it is not a big problem without a mouse in daily office.

　　Surrounding dolby pro logic with 15.6-inch ultra-narrow bezel and high color gamut full HD IPS full screen not only provides users with excellent audio and video experience visually but also audibly.

　　In terms of thickness and weight, Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 is made of aluminum alloy metal, which provides sufficient strength guarantee for the fuselage, and also makes the whole notebook lighter. The thinnest part is 16.9mm, and the 15.6-inch fuselage with power adapter is only 2.3kg (1.76kg for the fuselage), so it is relatively light to carry on business trips.

　　Excellent configuration to enhance user experience On the screen side, Xiaoxin Air15 2019 adopts the popular "high color gamut IPS screen", which has a high color gamut coverage of 72%NTSC, and the screen resolution is 1920×1080. The surface layer is treated with anti-glare atomization, and with the high brightness of 300 nits, it also has a good impression under strong light.

　　On the processor side, Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 is an eight-generation Core i7-8565U equipped with Intel’s latest Whiskey Lake architecture. This processor has been enhanced, and its performance is at least 10% higher than that of the i7-8550U introduced earlier, with a main frequency of 1.8GHz, a turbo frequency of 4.6GHz, 4 cores and 8 threads, a third-level cache of 8 MB, and a TDP of 15W.

　　With a stronger eight-generation Core i7-8565U, Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 also enables multi-mode support. Through FN+Q, users can switch between beast, mute and balanced modes at will.

　　When the external power supply is inconvenient for business trip, use the "silent" mode with longer battery life; Leisure and entertainment want to play games such as League of Legends to start the "beast"; Multi-mode selection also makes it better adapt to more usage scenarios.

Silent mode

Beast mode

　　Then, under different modes, what is the performance difference of Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019? We tested its lowest performance "silent" mode and the strongest performance "beast" mode through CINEBENCH R15. The results are shown in the figure, and the final results of the "silent" mode are: multi-core 542cb and single-core 160cb；; Final results of "Beast" mode: multi-core 694cb, single-core 171cb.

　　Judging from the score, the silent mode is quite different from the Beast mode, but don’t underestimate the performance of the silent mode, which is only a little lower than i7-8550U (single core 166cb, multi-core 561cb), which also means that in the silent mode, any browser can be opened more, office software can be used, or PS retouching, video editing and simple rendering can be done.

　　As for the "Beast" mode, the single-core performance basically exceeds that of the previous generation i7-7700HQ standard voltage. In other words, this processor has more than enough computing power to deal with some mainstream online games.

　　Since there is no problem with the computing power of the processor, the only other factor that may hinder the notebook from playing is the core temperature. We use AIDA for this part? 64 Carry out CPU copying test on Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019. Under the condition of 100% high load, we can see that the core temperature of i7-8565U fluctuates regularly between 70℃ and 90℃, and the whole process processor runs stably without sudden frequency drop. It is not easy to perform stably at high temperature. This achievement is not only due to the low power consumption of Intel processor, but also thanks to the design skill of Lenovo’s double fans, double copper pipes and die cooling of the whole machine.

　　During the copying process, we tested Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 with infrared thermometer. Under the condition of room temperature of 26.1℃, the high temperature area of the machine is mainly concentrated in the heat dissipation port at the rotating shaft, with the highest temperature of 47.3℃. Only by touching that position with your hands can you feel the temperature.

　　As for the graphics card, NVIDIA MX250 has a core frequency of 1519MHz and a memory frequency of 1752MHz. It is full of blood without castration, and its performance is improved by 5% ~ 10% compared with the "full blood version" MX150, which can meet the needs of ordinary 3D online games and barely getting started eating chicken. In addition, the editing speed of general pictures and videos such as Photoshop, Illustrator, Lightroom and Premiere will be faster.

　　In the hard disk part, Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019 has a built-in 1T PCIe SSD. In the test of CrystalDiskMark, the sequential reading and writing speed of 1G file is as high as 3453MB/s and 2107MB/s, and the random reading and writing performance of 4K is 37.35MB/s and 77.78mb/s. To be honest, it is quite unexpected that the sequential reading and writing can reach such a high speed. This side reflects that Lenovo uses the same amount of materials in invisible places, and uses high-standard hardware at any cost, in exchange for a smooth user experience with 5 seconds of boot and rapid software response. In terms of product scalability, according to the official product introduction, Xiaoxin Air15 2019′ s memory supports a maximum of 20G dual-channel memory expansion. The SSD also supports dual SSDs, with extra M.2242 extension bits reserved, and supports PCIe bus and NVMe protocol as well as the main hard disk bits. As a thin notebook with a thickness of only 16.9mm, its storage scalability is still worthy of recognition.

　　The battery life-related part is a highlight of Air15 2019. Compared with the previous generation of 45Wh and the current situation that the products of the same level are mostly hovering at 50-60Wh, this year’s Air15 2019 battery has jumped to a super-large capacity of 70Wh, which is a ride in the same level of light and thin books. The official announcement has the longest battery life of 19 hours. Of course, this is the theoretical time. In fact, it is closer to the scene used by users. We recommend using PC Mark8′ s Work mode battery life test. Due to the compatibility problem with the language pack of PC Mark8, it is temporarily impossible to carry out the battery life simulation test on the test machine on hand. According to the results released by netizens at present, the longest working mode can reach about 7-8 hours. This has obvious advantages over the common score of about 5 hours.

　　In addition to the large battery, Air15 2019 also supports ultra-fast charging technology, claiming that it can be used for 4 hours after charging for 1 quarter of an hour, and it can use the fragmented time to quickly "return blood" to the computer. However, the description of 65W high-power adapter reminds me of Z6 Pro’s "27W fast charging adapter" some time ago, which is funny manually.

　　Summary:

　　Even if it is implemented in notebooks, the performance of "keeping pace with the times" is different because of different product segments. Lenovo Xiaoxin Air 15 2019, based on the common elements such as large screen, all-metal, thinness and uniqueness, also strengthened the two outstanding advantages of screen quality and battery capacity, and explained to you the configuration and design language that a large-size business thinness should have. Its version of i5/8G/1T SSD/MX250 is priced at only 5499 yuan, which is still very competitive in a light and thin book of 5000 yuan. .

Special feature of 1905 film network 　When it comes to theme movies, some people’s impressions are still stuck in the rigid and faceless tradition. However, it was released on August 1st Army Day in 2019 and adapted from real historical events, but it won the recognition of ordinary young audiences.

"The red theme can also be very beautiful, and the movie has a super-fast pace, which is particularly burning in one breath", "This kind of red movie has historical value and educational function, and I hope the patriotic spirit and mind of our ancestors can continue", and "As the successors of the new China, people who have never forgotten to dig wells can come to the cinema to feel the heroic deeds of great men and see what beliefs they had when they were young, so as to change the whole era" … …

From the audience’s comments, it is not difficult to find everyone’s love for this film. "Gutian bugle" scored as high as 9.5 points in the cat’s eye, ranking among the best in summer files.

Seven days after the painting of Gutian bugle, a film of the same type with creative inspiration and material based on reportage of the same name was released. This film and television work based on American journalist Si Nuo’s own experience has also attracted the attention of many original book fans and ordinary audiences.

In terms of artistic creation, both works are based on respecting history and public cognition, and strive to explore more possibilities of theme movies. The film is remarkable in story structure, characterization and lens language. The well-meaning and advancing with the times of the creative team make the viewers feel refreshed.

The real power can move the audience most.

With the rapid development of China’s film market, the domestic audience’s concept of watching movies has gradually matured. At present, the audience has a complete evaluation system for the quality of film and television works.

　

They don’t have an innate prejudice about the film type, but they are demanding on the quality of the content. Any suspended film and television works without realistic foundation will be ruthlessly eliminated by the market.

　

How to reproduce the real life of the revolutionary ancestors and show the characters’ personality traits in ordinary life has become the primary problem faced by Chen Li, the director of Gutian bugle.

In order to restore the little-known history before the Gutian Conference in 1929, director Chen Li went deep into the life of the old revolutionary base area with his creative team for many times, and comprehensively excavated the creative materials closely related to the film.

　

The creative team interviewed a large number of people, including a Mao Zedong student who is now 101 years old. In the aspect of excavating the historical truth, Gutian bugle is very important. Hard work pays off, and the film has been affirmed by the audience.

"Very touching, good, very real", "quite good, with tears" and "the details are touching" … … Most of the audience’s comments are based on the realism of the film from the inside out.

　

The dialogue of the characters in the film not only conforms to the social environment at that time, but also directly touches the emotional depths of the audience. For example, in the scene where Chairman Mao teaches children from poor families to read, he asks: Do you know what a "person" is? A child replied: the landlord is human, mother said we are cattle and horses, and grandma said we are not as good as cattle and horses.

Many viewers were red-eyed when they saw this paragraph in the film. I am glad that I was born in the great motherland, and I feel helpless for the bottom people before liberation.

　

In the macro war scene, the film used more than 8,000 troops, and the post-production took more than 8 months. Although the proportion of such war scenes in the film is not too high, the audio-visual quality in the battlefield environment has reached a high level. "Gutian bugle" evokes people’s respect for the eventful years with its initial heart, and more young people’s patriotic enthusiasm is also awakened.

Similarly, "Red Star Shines on China" impressed the audience with truth. In the public opinion at that time, the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s image was "demonized" by the media with ulterior motives such as the West. In 1936, American journalist edgar snow risked his life and made a long journey into the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, trying to find the truth.

　

At that time, after Si Nuo’s report was published in the newspaper, it changed the prejudice of the international community to a considerable extent. In this reportage, the author witnessed the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants with his own eyes, and decided that they were the future of China.

"This is not a timely work, but it is something that flows from my heart." Director Jixing Wang was so impressed in an interview. He hopes that he can portray it with the heavy feeling of real history and rigorous details, and guide the contemporary young people to find the backbone of the national spirit.

　

The two works have been released successively, and they have touched many audiences with the same effect. For the audience, among the entertainment-oriented film and television works in the summer, these two more thoughtful works also give them more choices to watch movies.

Creation injects more humanity, and the theme film enters people’s hearts.

With the popularity and box office Qi Fei, the main theme movies, which were not favored by the market, became popular and had a good audience.

　

From the fringe to the mainstream, how does the current film that promotes the main theme do this?

　

Structural innovation, injecting humanity and truth into the story at the same time, is an important internal reason why such works can be recognized by the audience. The protagonists are no longer Gao Daquan’s characters, but they are grounded in personality, from which viewers can smell the reality of life.

Gutian bugle begins with flashback, and from the perspective of a Red Army trumpeter, it interprets the unknown side of key figures in real historical events.

This third-vision story-telling method also exists in The Red Star Shines on China. From the bystander’s point of view, observing the protagonist’s words and deeds with an objective attitude makes the work more authentic.

　

In Gutian bugle, the film is full of flesh and blood in shaping young revolutionary leaders. When there are differences in major decisions, Mao Zedong and Zhu De will also have a bitter quarrel on the issue of principle, or even "run away in anger". But he didn’t go far, and always cared about revolutionary work. After realizing his mistake, Zhu De will also put down his face and ask Mao Zedong to take back the overall situation.

　

Chen Yi is the adhesive of the two, and makes contributions to the maintenance of team unity. Although Liu Angong had some dogmatism, it did not prevent him from throwing his head and blood for the revolutionary cause.

The Red Star Shines on China unfolds the whole story from the perspective of a western journalist. The plot arrangement is tense and orderly, the scene is big and the creative ending is even more memorable. It is reported that the film’s main creation has been shot in Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanghai and Beijing, striving to present the northwest scenery and southern customs perfectly.

　

In an interview with the media, director Jixing Wang said: "In the past, we were worried that young people with historical themes would not be interested and would not enter the cinema after hearing this name. But I think, instead of going to see some bad movies, it is better to walk into the cinema and learn about national history and national history. "

　

At present, this film has achieved a good result of 8.7 points on the cat’s eye platform. From the comments, we can see the recognition of the young audience for this film.

"There is no bad type, only bad content." This sentence, which is circulated in the film and television circles, is also the golden rule for the development of China’s main melody film and even the whole film industry.

　

With the continuous efforts and innovations of filmmakers, the creative spring of main melody film and television works has quietly arrived.

　

At present, cinemas all over the country have launched outstanding new film screening activities to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC). Apart from Gutian bugle and Red Star over China, which are being shown nationwide, many other main melody films that are highly anticipated by the audience are about to meet with you. Let’s wait and see.

Welcome to Autohome Wuxi Promotion Channel, we bring you the latest and affordable car purchase information. Currently, the high-profile luxury SUV is conducting an unprecedented promotion in Wuxi. The maximum discount has reached an astonishing 174,900 yuan, which means that consumers have the opportunity to experience this luxury car at a lower starting price, with a minimum starting price of only 472,000 yuan. If you are interested in this luxury model, don’t miss this great opportunity. Click "Chatti Car Price" in the quotation form to seize this rare offer and make your car purchase wish come true.

As a luxury mid-to-large SUV, the exterior design of the Volvo XC90 reflects the unique charm of the Nordic brand. Its front face features family-style Thor’s Hammer LED headlights, which are very recognizable. With a large area of straight waterfall air intake grille, it shows the fusion of power and elegance. The body lines are smooth and tough, and the overall style is stable, showing the noble temperament of a luxury SUV. The details reflect Volvo’s persistent pursuit of craftsmanship and careful consideration of the driver’s experience.

[Volvo XC90] shows elegant side lines with its slender body proportions, and its size layout of 4953mm long, 1958mm wide, and 1778mm high gives it a stable body posture. The 2984mm wheelbase guarantees a spacious interior space, while the 275/45 R20-size tires and dynamic rim design not only enhance the driving stability, but also add visual tension to the vehicle. Overall, the side design of the XC90 takes into account both practicality and aesthetics, showing the extraordinary charm of luxury SUV.

The interior of the Volvo XC90 is famous for its exquisite luxury and user-friendly design. The warm Nordic style is adopted, and the steering wheel wrapped in high-end leather material is not only delicate to the touch, but also has manual up and down + front and rear adjustment functions to ensure the driver’s comfortable experience. The 9-inch central control screen not only displays clearly, but also has automatic speech recognition control system, which is convenient for users to operate multimedia, navigation, telephone and air conditioning functions. In terms of seats, leather material is used. The front seat supports heating function, and the driver’s seat is also equipped with electric seat memory. The passenger seat is also rich in configuration, including front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, high and low adjustment and waist support, which enhances the ride comfort. The configuration of USB and Type-C interfaces ensures that passengers’ entertainment and charging needs, whether in the front or rear, are taken into account for actual use.

The Volvo XC90 is equipped with a 2.0T turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 184 kilowatts and a maximum torque of 350 Nm, providing abundant power output. The highlight of this engine is the output of 250 horsepower, and with the 8-speed automatic transmission, it ensures the ride of the vehicle and fuel economy.

In general, the Autohome owner expressed his high appreciation for the exterior design of the Volvo XC90, especially the detailed treatment of the headlights and LED daytime running lights, which made it quite attractive in visual effect. This not only satisfied his personal taste, but also became a highlight of his driving process. For drivers who pursue quality and unique design, the Volvo XC90 is undoubtedly a satisfactory car purchase choice.

In order to maintain the normal order of letters and visits and social public order

Protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens according to law

According to the Criminal Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC)

People’s Republic of China (PRC) Public Security Administration Punishment Law

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China the State Council "Regulations on Letters and Visits" and so on.

Laws and regulations stipulate that

We will now deal with illegal and criminal acts in letters and visits according to law.

Special notice is as follows

1. When the complainant puts forward the complaint reporting matters in the form of visiting, he shall go to the reception place established or designated by the relevant department to reflect the problem step by step in a civilized and rational manner according to law; If more than one person puts forward a joint petition, representatives shall be elected, and the number of representatives shall not exceed 5. Petitioners and petitioners should raise matters concerning petitions involving law and litigation to the relevant state organs through judicial procedures or administrative relief procedures, and solve them through legal channels such as litigation, arbitration and administrative reconsideration.

Two, the complainant shall not violate the provisions in the process of letters and visits, and shall not carry out the following illegal and criminal acts:

(a) acts in violation of the petition procedures

1 petitions have been accepted or are being handled, and the petitioner still goes over the petition within the handling period; The complainant’s reasonable demands have been properly resolved in accordance with policies, laws and regulations, and he still insists on the same facts and reasons or puts forward requirements beyond the provisions of policies, laws and regulations; Should solve the problem through legal channels, refusing to make demands through legal channels; Letters and visits have been handled in accordance with the law, and the handling situation has been clearly informed, and repeated letters, repeated online voting, and repeated telephone harassment are still repeated; Malicious repeated registration, pestering or harassing visits;

2. After the people’s court’s judgment, ruling and mediation legal documents come into effect, or after the administrative organ that has the right to deal with them handles the petitions that ended according to law, the petitioner refuses to implement the provisions of laws and regulations, but insists on non-visiting, pestering, harassing and repeatedly petitioning to disturb the office and public order of the unit;

3.5 or more people visited collectively to reflect common matters, refused to elect representatives in accordance with the regulations, did not visit the designated reception place, and did not obey the on-site management of the staff.

(two) in the petition activities to take illegal gathering group visits, noisy visits to implement illegal and criminal acts.

4. Inciting, connecting, coercing, hiring, funding, manipulating others’ letters and visits behind the scenes in the process of letters and visits, and organizing or inciting large-scale group visits in violation of regulations;

5. Inciting and planning illegal assemblies, processions and demonstrations in the name of letters and visits;

6. Hire or manipulate others behind the scenes to participate in pestering or harassing visits.

(three) in the process of letters and visits or in the name of letters and visits to disrupt social management order, endanger public safety, and infringe on personal rights and property rights.

7. Staying in the place of letters and visits and causing trouble; Or abandon the elderly, frail, seriously ill and other people who can’t take care of themselves and minors in the reception places for letters and visits or institutions;

8. In the name of letters and visits, illegally gathering, sitting in, detaining, blocking doors, intercepting vehicles, obstructing traffic in government agencies, enterprises and institutions, forcibly impacting government agencies, enterprises and institutions, and obstructing the staff of government agencies, enterprises and institutions from performing official duties according to law;

9. Petition in organs, enterprises and institutions at all levels, traffic stations, major activity places and other public places around the above places, dressing the, wearing uniform signs, posting and distributing petition materials, shouting slogans, pulling banners, wearing clothes, wearing Dai Xiao, placing wreaths and other acts;

10. In the petition activities, take strong things, arbitrarily damage, occupy public and private property, seize office space, throw items;

11. Taking the opportunity to collect money or seek illegitimate interests in the name of letters and visits or letters and visits agents;

12. Unauthorized use of other people’s identity information, fraudulent use of other people’s identity cards, fraudulent use of resident identity cards or fake identity cards to engage in letters and visits. Malicious organization of multiple persons or the use of multiple identities and accounts to reflect the same petition.

(four) the use of computer information network to carry out illegal and criminal acts in the petition activities.

13. Fabricating, publishing, reprinting and disseminating false information about letters and visits through websites, Weibo, WeChat, QQ, Tik Tok, Aauto Quicker and other communication tools or network communication carriers for carrying out illegal and criminal activities in the name of letters and visits; Knowing that others use information networks to commit illegal and criminal acts in petition activities or in the name of petition, providing support and help for them to carry out the above acts;

14. Harassing or threatening the staff of government agencies, enterprises and institutions in the form of internet, telephone and text messages, and interfering with the normal life of the staff of government agencies, enterprises and institutions.

(five) in the petition activities to take excessive ways to cause social panic, chaos, the implementation of illegal and criminal acts.

15. Carrying dangerous goods and control devices for letters and visits, threatening or threatening to commit murder, arson, explosion, throwing dangerous substances, etc. by means of self-injury, self-mutilation or suicide.

(six) other illegal and criminal acts committed in the activities of letters and visits or in the name of letters and visits.

If the complainant commits the above acts, he still refuses to correct them after being dissuaded, criticized or educated by the staff of the relevant organs and units; If the complainant makes trouble and disturbs the order, and the circumstances are serious, which constitutes a violation of public security management, or violates the relevant laws and regulations of assembly, procession and demonstration, the public security organ shall take necessary on-site disposal measures according to law and impose administrative penalties on public security; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Three, the complainant’s behavior has the following illegal circumstances, severely punished according to law.

(a) for the special use of major national festivals, activities and important meetings and other important time nodes to go to Beijing to express their demands in non-petition places, causing trouble and disturbing the order.

(two) to go to Beijing to carry out the relevant illegal petition acts listed in Article 2 above, in order to exert pressure on the visit, and the circumstances are serious.

(3) instigating, instigating, organizing, planning, directing and actively participating in illegal gathering, and "holding a group" in series with other interest groups to commit related illegal and criminal acts, and repeatedly expressing their demands in specific places.

(four) after being given administrative or criminal punishment according to law for illegal petition, he continued to commit illegal and criminal acts in the process of petition.

(5) If the problem of letters and visits has been solved or the cases of letters and visits have been terminated according to law, or the reasonable demands of the petitioners have been properly handled in accordance with policies, laws and regulations, they still go to the letters and visits departments at all levels for the same facts and reasons.

Four, the implementation of illegal and criminal acts in the petition activities should immediately stop activities, and take the initiative to surrender to the public security organs, for leniency.

Solemnly remind: I hope that the broad masses will express their demands rationally according to law, and will not support, participate in, watch or spread the illegal and criminal acts in letters and visits, and should promptly report and expose the illegal and criminal acts found to the public security organs.

Illegal letters and visits, breaking the law, losing freedom, affecting family members.

This circular shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

Zibo Intermediate People’s Court

Zibo people’s procuratorate

Zibo public security bureau

Zibo judicial and law enforcement bureau

Zibo bureau for letters and calls

August 12, 2022

Lower right corner of the article

You like it

+Watching

Remind more people

Original title: "The latest notice! Severe punishment! No stalking, disturbing, or leapfrog visits. "

Read the original text

　　Since it was officially launched in 2021, it has won the trust of over 600,000 users with its solid product strength. In 2024, M7 and M9 in the market segment continued to sell well. In March this year, the customer service M8 officially opened the reservation. By April 6th, the customer service M8 had ordered more than 100,000 units. The hot-selling myth in the world of inquiry is still being written, and "wholeheartedly"

The website of Shanghai Municipal People’s Government reported on February 18 that the General Office of Shanghai Municipal People’s Government recently issued the "Implementation Plan for Promoting the High-quality Development of Old-age Care Services in Shanghai". Among them, it is proposed to encourage financial institutions to develop special credit for old-age care and provide preferential interest rate support. Give play to the role of development finance in supporting special loans for the construction of the old-age service system, and provide large long-term preferential loans to eligible projects. Innovate credit support methods, explore ways to promote accounts receivable pledge loans and charging rights pledge loans, and implement the due diligence exemption policy for credit personnel. Give play to the role of guarantee and credit enhancement institutions, and provide credit enhancement support for the financing of pension institutions. Support qualified pension institutions to raise funds through listing and bond market. Support insurance institutions to develop liability insurance and operational insurance related to old-age care.

The following is the original text:

Shanghai’s implementation plan to promote the high-quality development of old-age care services

In order to thoroughly implement the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting the Healthy Development of Old-age Care Services, this implementation plan is formulated in light of the actual situation.

I. Work objectives

— — The old-age care service system is more perfect. By 2025, we will deepen the formation of an old-age service system that coordinates home community institutions and combines medical care with health care; Construct a care and education service system with government-led, family-oriented, multi-party participation and the combination of education and medicine; The overall promotion mechanism of "one old and one small" is more sound.

— — The supply of old-age care services is more effective. By 2025, the number of old-age beds in the city will increase from 159,000 to 178,000, of which nursing beds are not less than 60%; Community old-age service facilities in all districts are not less than 40 square meters per thousand permanent residents, and areas with conditions strive to reach 50 square meters per thousand permanent residents. The number of nursery places for infants under the age of 3 per thousand people in the city has reached 4.5, and the proportion of inclusive nursery places is not less than 60%. The proportion of kindergartens offering nursery classes is not less than 50% of the total number of kindergartens. The scientific parenting guidance service covers all families of school-age infants with permanent population.

— — The quality of old-age care services has improved significantly. The industry management system and service standard system have been improved, the overall quality of employees has been significantly improved, the level of government investment and industry financing has increased steadily, the digital transformation has achieved remarkable results, the supervision system covering the whole industry and the whole process has been fully established, and the old-age care service has become more professional, scientific, balanced, intelligent and sustainable.

  — — The satisfaction of the masses has been continuously improved. Actively respond to the new expectations of the people, and accelerate the implementation of various policies for old-age care services. Establish and improve the dynamic evaluation and demand feedback mechanism of old-age care services, continuously improve the accuracy and convenience of services, and continuously improve the people’s sense of acquisition and satisfaction.

Second, the key tasks

(A) to promote the optimization function of the old-age service structure.

1. Guarantee basic old-age care services. Formulate a list of basic old-age services in Shanghai. Improve the construction and management methods of basic old-age care institutions (beds), clarify the construction, service standards and management requirements, and appropriately optimize the room type setting. Establish a mechanism to ensure the overall utilization of basic old-age beds, rely on the information platform for old-age services, establish waiting rules, and study incentive policies to facilitate cross-regional old-age care for the elderly. Encourage all districts to establish a mechanism for overall utilization of old-age beds in the region to improve the overall utilization rate of beds.

2. Optimize the regional layout of old-age service facilities. Formulate a special plan for the layout of old-age service facilities in the 14 th Five-Year Plan, and steadily increase the number of old-age beds and various community old-age service facilities. Focus on new old-age beds in new towns and densely populated areas for the elderly, and encourage the central city to further tap its potential and increase the number of old-age beds nearby. Study and implement the renovation and upgrading project of existing pension service facilities, improve software and hardware conditions, and enhance professional service capabilities.

3. Enhance the professional care function of old-age care institutions. Focus on the care needs of the disabled and demented elderly, and increase nursing beds and cognitive impairment care beds. Revise the guidelines for setting nursing beds in old-age care institutions, and increase nursing beds through new construction and renovation. Formulate local standards for setting up cognitive impairment care beds, encourage the development of elderly cognitive impairment care institutions, and support the construction of cognitive impairment care units in old-age care institutions. By 2025, the number of nursing beds for cognitive impairment will reach 15,000.

4. Classify and improve the embedded aged care service in the community. Promote the classified development of day care service institutions, introduce the management of professional institutions, provide care, rehabilitation assistance and other services for some disabled and demented elderly people, and include qualified institutions and services into the coverage of long-term care insurance. Improve the admission standard and exit mechanism of the elderly care home, and strengthen the short-term care function. Optimize the catering service for the elderly and encourage the participation of multiple subjects. Explore the development of home care beds. Carry out the construction of friendly communities with cognitive impairment and realize the full coverage of streets and towns. Vigorously develop rural mutual support for the elderly and support the use of rural homestead or idle collective construction land to build old-age service facilities.

5. Deepen the combination of medical care and health care. Promote community health service institutions and old-age service institutions to be co-located or adjacent to each other. Deepen the signing cooperation service mechanism between the old-age care institutions and medical institutions, and explore the way of project to pay the labor fee for the medical staff who carry out the combined service of medical care and nursing in the old-age care institutions. Explore the establishment of a regional medical and nursing consortium to promote orderly and two-way referral between medical, pension, nursing and rehabilitation institutions. Promote the model of "nursing home+internet hospital" to provide services such as prescription, consultation, chronic disease management and health education for the elderly. Promote the combination of physical education and health care, and build a healthy home for the elderly. Promote the transformation and development of aged care services in qualified training and recuperation institutions.

6. Improve the health service system for the elderly. Adhere to prevention, popularize healthy lifestyles, and promote the concept of healthy old-age care. We will build a geriatric medical service network with the municipal geriatric center as the guide, the geriatric department of general hospitals as the backbone, and community medical and health institutions as the foundation. Encourage qualified medical institutions to transform into rehabilitation hospitals or nursing homes, and support the development of private nursing and rehabilitation medical institutions. Improve the hospice care service system and enhance the life dignity of dying patients. Comprehensively carry out the construction of elderly-friendly medical institutions, optimize the medical treatment process, and provide convenience for the elderly to seek medical treatment. Do a real family doctor contract service, improve the health records of the elderly, integrate information such as physical examination of the elderly, self-inspection of smart health stations, and medical records of medical institutions, and strengthen health management services for the elderly.

7. Deepen the long-term care insurance pilot. Revise the "Pilot Measures for Long-term Care Insurance in Shanghai" and improve policies such as evaluation, service content, process supervision, quality evaluation and payment standards. Study and improve the payment standard of long-term care insurance for nursing service providers in old-age care institutions. Improve the third-party comprehensive evaluation standard system of long-term insurance designated service institutions to promote the development of health norms. We will promote the pilot project of extending the settlement of long-term insurance and old-age care institutions in the Yangtze River Delta and support the elderly to provide for the elderly in different places. Encourage commercial insurance institutions to develop commercial long-term insurance products and explore the introduction of commercial insurance institutions and other participating long-term insurance handling services.

(2) Expanding the effective supply of nursery services

1. Improve scientific parenting guidance services. Incorporate scientific parenting guidance into "one thing at birth" and distribute the "Shanghai Maternal and Child Health Handbook" for free, so as to achieve full coverage of infants and young children’s families with permanent residents and provide pregnancy and health guidance from the initial pregnancy to childhood. Each street town is equipped with a family science parenting guidance station, which provides no less than 10 times of guidance services to families of school-age infants in need every year. Relying on the "with the bid" mobile terminal to promote the "education has a way" APP and other applications, explore cooperation with the Internet platform, and expand the awareness and coverage of free parenting resources. Carry out activities such as "parenting gas station" and "parent-child carnival", and provide services such as dietary nutrition guidance, growth and development testing, and mental health. Formulate and implement norms and evaluation methods for scientific parenting guidance, and strengthen quality supervision.

2. Promote kindergartens to set up care classes. In the conditional public kindergartens, new classes should be opened, and new and expanded public kindergartens should be opened in principle. We will improve the management system for running kindergarten in public kindergartens, and clarify the standards and norms of kindergarten hardware, teachers, enrollment and funding guarantee. Encourage qualified private kindergartens to offer inclusive care classes.

3. Encourage all kinds of subjects to hold inclusive nursery institutions. Improve the setting standards and institutional management methods of nursery service facilities, ensure safety and service quality, and encourage more qualified social subjects to participate. Support qualified enterprises and institutions, parks, commercial buildings, etc., and use all kinds of resources to build or expand nursery service facilities to provide nursery services for employees.

4. Explore the development of community care services. Formulate standards and management systems for community care, encourage the use of various community comprehensive service facilities, build standardized and embedded "baby houses" and other care places, and provide universal care services such as temporary care and time care. Support the introduction of professional nursery institutions through public construction and private purchase of services to standardize the management of community nursery places.

5. Promote the integrated development of "one old and one small". Incorporate the old-age care service into the "15-minute community life circle" and the comprehensive service system at home, and strengthen the overall planning, joint construction and sharing of resources. Provide facilities such as venues and facilities for the energetic elderly to raise infants in the community, and develop targeted parenting guidance courses to help intergenerational care. Give play to the role of trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women’s federations and other mass organizations and public welfare social organizations to provide old-age care services for residents.

(C) increase multi-level diversified old-age care services

1. Develop diversified old-age care services. Encourage all kinds of capital to invest in the aged care service industry and set up a state-owned enterprise group in the field of healthy old-age care in Shanghai. Encourage customized personalized scientific parenting guidance and home care services for families in need. Cultivate multiple sponsors of elderly education and expand the supply of elderly education resources. Encourage tourism enterprises to innovate and develop more tourism products suitable for the elderly. Support more market players to participate in the aging transformation of the elderly’s homes and provide diversified products and services. Actively promote the installation of elevators in multi-storey residential buildings. Support property enterprises to participate in community home care services, and explore the "community+property+care services" model.

2. Promote the upgrading of old-age care products. Actively develop the industries of daily necessities, nursing products and rehabilitation AIDS for the elderly, and cultivate a number of "specialized and innovative" small giant enterprises and single champion enterprises in manufacturing. Support the holding of China International Exposition on Pension, Aids and Rehabilitation, and give play to the function of industrial docking platform. Explore the inclusion of rehabilitation AIDS in the special channel of medical device innovation approval, speed up the approval process, broaden the application scenarios, and vigorously develop industrial parks with rehabilitation AIDS. Actively cultivate leading brands in children’s teaching AIDS, animation design, tourism and other industries.

3. Promote the upgrading and expansion of domestic service. Deepen the "leader" action of upgrading and expanding domestic service, and give play to the demonstration and driving role of the pilot area. Vigorously develop employee-based domestic enterprises and promote the standardization and standardization of domestic services. Encourage domestic enterprises to develop targeted and personalized products for the care needs of "one old and one small". Support qualified domestic service enterprises to participate in providing old-age care services.

4. Accelerate digital transformation. We will implement the "Digital Partnership Program", carry out special actions to adapt Internet applications to aging and information barrier-free transformation, explore the use of market mechanisms to promote "one-click service for the elderly", strengthen digital skills education and training for the elderly, and help the elderly to cross the digital divide. The demand list and product catalogue of smart old-age application scenarios are released around the scenes of fall prevention for the elderly, emergency rescue, "safety monitoring" for the elderly living alone, and prevention of loss for the elderly with cognitive impairment. Promote the intelligent transformation of nursery service places, and build application scenarios such as intelligent management of children coming and leaving the park, physical fitness and health status, and outdoor activity monitoring. Improve the functions of Shanghai’s old-age service platform and the management platform for children under 3 years old, and incorporate them into the city’s "One Network Office" to provide "one-stop" services.

(D) to strengthen the construction of old-age care personnel.

1. Strengthen the training of professional talents. Offering specialties or courses such as services and management for the aged, services and management for infant care in qualified institutions of higher learning and vocational colleges. Support Shanghai Open University to carry out academic education, non-academic training and community education in the fields of pension, nursery and home economics. Cultivate enterprises that provide for the aged and care with the integration of production and education, and support the construction of a number of production and education integration training bases. Actively cultivate professional social workers in the field of old-age care.

2. Strengthen the skills training of employees. We will implement the skills upgrading project for employees in old-age care, strengthen the construction of professional ethics, and carry out pre-job training and post skills upgrading training for employees in old-age care. Support industry associations and other organizations to carry out occupational skill level identification for employees such as old-age nurses, baby nurses and nurses. For employees who have participated in the training of occupational jobs related to old-age care and whose skill level has been recognized as qualified, subsidies for training fees or skills upgrading shall be given in accordance with the regulations.

3. Improve the talent incentive and guarantee policy. Fully implement the salary grade system for aged care workers and monitor the market wage price of aged care workers. Study and release the market wage guidance price for nurses and other positions. Increase policy support and give appropriate subsidies to qualified old-age care workers such as old-age care workers. Incorporate the pension industry into the key support scope of talent introduction in Shanghai. Organize and hold Shanghai vocational skills competition for aged care and skills competition for nursing teams, and carry out appraisal and commendation in accordance with regulations.

(5) Improve the efficiency of supervision services for the aged and nurseries.

1. Optimize the government service environment. Piloting the establishment of "one thing" for old-age care service institutions. Regularly publish a list of support policies for old-age care services to promote online application and processing. Support the development of branded and chained pension institutions, and provide convenience for its holding subsidiaries (branches) to enjoy preferential policies across regions in Shanghai. Establish an evaluation mechanism of government services for the aged and nursery to improve the quality of government services.

2. Improve the comprehensive supervision system of the industry. Implement the Measures of Shanghai Municipality on Comprehensive Supervision of Aged Care Services. Improve the supervision mechanism of nursery institutions, and carry out the market management and classification of nursery services. Establish credit files of old-age care service institutions, implement hierarchical and classified supervision, provide incentives such as tolerance trial and policy financial support for trustworthy subjects, and punish untrustworthy subjects according to laws and regulations. We will improve the multi-sector joint supervision and law enforcement mechanism for old-age care and reduce repeated supervision by multiple heads. Give full play to the positive role of industry associations, strengthen the formulation of standards and strengthen industry self-discipline.

3. Prevent and resolve all kinds of risks. Establish a risk early warning and emergency response mechanism for old-age care, formulate and implement prevention and control plans and emergency plans for major infectious diseases, and strengthen safety supervision and inspection of key links such as construction, fire protection, food, medical and health care in old-age care institutions. Strengthen the supervision of large funds such as pledge and advance payment collected by old-age care institutions, and standardize the charging behavior of nursery institutions. Formulate and improve regulatory measures for new formats such as the old-age community. Strictly prevent criminals from illegal fund-raising activities in the field of "one old and one small" by means of false investment, fraudulent sales and high rebates to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.

Third, safeguard measures

(A) the establishment of an overall promotion mechanism

Establish an overall promotion mechanism for the work of "one old and one small" in Shanghai, study and formulate major policies for old-age care, and promote the implementation of key tasks and major projects. Each district has established a mechanism to promote the work of "one old and one small". The relevant departments of the city shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, formulate supporting policies and measures to promote the implementation of various tasks. The Municipal Development and Reform Commission shall, jointly with relevant departments, do a good job in tracking and evaluating.

(2) Increase financial input.

We will promote the implementation of Shanghai’s "Tenth Five-Year Plan" for the construction of old-age service facilities, improve the support standards for the construction of basic old-age beds, and subsidize the renovation of existing old-age care institutions, cognitive impairment and the construction of nursing old-age beds and various community old-age service facilities. Study and formulate the supporting policies for the construction of inclusive nursery service facilities during the 14th Five-Year Plan, and optimize the reward and compensation policies for inclusive nursery service institutions. Encourage all districts to support social subjects to provide old-age care services by providing venues, reducing rents, operating subsidies, and awarding subsidies. Study the linkage mechanism between the demand side and the price reform, and give certain financial subsidies to the needy people who live in basic old-age care institutions. For children from poor families who are enrolled in public kindergartens and inclusive private kindergartens, the fee is reduced or exempted. Actively strive for central financial support for eligible old-age care facilities projects.

(3) Improve the charging mechanism

Implement the management measures for service charges of old-age care institutions, adhere to classified management, and optimize the price adjustment process of basic old-age care institutions. We will improve the charging policies for community-based aged care services such as homes for the elderly, day care centers, and meals for the elderly, so as to promote professional and sustainable development. Optimize the charging policy of public kindergartens to run kindergartens, and study reasonable cost sharing rules.

(4) Strengthen the security of land use and housing.

Incorporate the construction of old-age care service facilities into all levels of land space planning and annual plans, reasonably ensure the demand for land, and arrange it in a reasonable location. Strictly implement the construction requirements of "synchronous planning, synchronous design, synchronous construction, synchronous acceptance and synchronous delivery" for public facilities such as pension service institutions, kindergartens and kindergartens and new houses. If the newly-built old-age care service facilities meet the Catalogue of Allocated Land, the land will be provided by means of allocation. Reduce the cost of old-age land and realize that the overall land price level is equivalent to the standard land price of standard factory buildings. Under the premise of ensuring safety, encourage the use of existing factories and commercial buildings to provide old-age care services. Each district establishes a working mechanism, refines the operation process, and regularly publishes the resource catalogue of existing facilities for old-age care services. Non-independent places need not change the nature of land and houses if they rebuild and build nursery points in accordance with relevant safety standards and pass the acceptance.

(5) Strengthen financial support.

Encourage financial institutions to develop special credit for the aged and provide preferential interest rate support. Give play to the role of development finance in supporting special loans for the construction of the old-age service system, and provide large long-term preferential loans to eligible projects. Innovate credit support methods, explore ways to promote accounts receivable pledge loans and charging rights pledge loans, and implement the due diligence exemption policy for credit personnel. Give play to the role of guarantee and credit enhancement institutions, and provide credit enhancement support for the financing of pension institutions. Support qualified pension institutions to raise funds through listing and bond market. Support insurance institutions to develop liability insurance and operational insurance related to old-age care.

(six) the implementation of tax incentives.

For enterprises, institutions and social organizations that provide old-age care services by relying on fixed facilities in the community, the income from providing old-age care services is exempt from value-added tax, and when calculating the taxable income of enterprise income tax, it is included in the total income at a reduced rate of 90%. For the real estate and land used to provide old-age care, preferential policies for deed tax, property tax and urban land use tax are enjoyed in accordance with regulations. The water, electricity and gas used by old-age care institutions shall be subject to the residents’ price. Eligible expenses incurred in the nursery for employees’ children set up by enterprises can be deducted before tax as employee welfare expenses. Social security subsidies shall be given to old-age care institutions that absorb qualified workers in accordance with regulations.

(seven) to create a good environment

Implement the "Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Pension Services" and study and promote the legislation of preschool education and nursery services in Shanghai. Adhere to the concept of active aging and create conditions for the elderly to actively participate in economic, social and cultural life. Promote the integration of the principle of giving priority to children into social policies and create a good environment for the healthy growth of children. Actively promote the construction of "national key contact city for actively responding to population aging", "national child-friendly city" and "national infant care service demonstration city".

(eight) the establishment of assessment mechanism.

Establish a linkage mechanism between the support policy for the aged and the work effect, and give inclined support in terms of funds and projects to areas with obvious work effect. Incorporate the old-age care service into the relevant assessment content.